介词及基本用法(9)

(16) be engaged (to sb) 与...订婚 (17) be equal (to sth) 等于...; 能胜任... (18) be essential (to sb/sth) 对...必不可少的 (19) be fair (to sb) 对...是公平的 (20) be faithful/loyal (to sb/sth) 对...忠诚 (21) be familiar (to sb) 为...熟知 (22) be given (to sth) 有...倾向 (23) be inferior (to sb/sth) 低于...; 次于... (24) be superior (to sb/sth) 高于...; 优于... (25) be invaluable (to sb) 对...的价值极宝贵 (26) be invisible (to sth) 对...是看不见的 (27) be irresistible (to sb) 对...是不可抗拒的 (28) be married (to sb) 与...结婚 (29) be harmful (to sb/sth) 对...有害 (30) be merciful/sympathetic (to sb) 对...怜悯 (31) be native (to sth) 原产于... (32) be obliged (to sb) (for sth) 因某事感谢某人 (33) be opposed (to sb/sth) 反对... (34) be opposite (to sth) 与...相对 (35) be peculiar (to sb/sth) 为...所独有 (36) be prior to (sb/sth) 比...重要 (37) be polite (to sb) 对...礼貌 (38) be related (to sb) 与...有血亲/婚姻关系 (39) be relative (to sb/sth) 有关...; 涉及... (40) be responsible (to sb/sth) 对...负责 (41) be sensitive (to sth) 对...敏感 (42) be similar (to sb/sth) 与...相似 三、to+名词

(1) (to one’s joy/delight) 令...高兴的是 (2) (to one’s surprise) 令...惊喜，惊奇的是 (3) (to one’s sorrow) 令...悲伤的是 (4) (to one’s shame) 令...惭愧的是 (5) (to one’s advantage/disadvantage) 对...有利/不利的是

(6) (to one’s embarrassment) 令...窘迫的是 (7) (to one’s horror) 令...恐惧的是 (8) (to some degree) 有点，稍微，到某种程度 (9) (to the point) 中肯，扼要，到点子上 (10) (to one’s taste) 合...的口味 38、toward(s) 【原始含义】 to+ward“方向、趋势” 【引申含义】：prep.

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(1) 表示动作的方向 in the direction of sb/sth eg: He ran toward to horizon. (2) 对于 in relation to sb/sth

eg: She has a mixed feeling towards him. (3) 朝向..., 快要达到...

eg: They arrived at the airport towards four o’clock.

【常见搭配】 一、动词+（towards+名词） (1)advance (towards sth) 向...推进 (2)incline/tend (towards sth) 倾向于，易于... (3)work (towards sth/doing sth) 努力达到...

二. 名词+（towards+名词） (1) affection (towards sth) 对...的喜爱 (2) attitude (towards sth) 对...的态度 (3) contribution (towards sth) 对...的贡献 (4) preference (towards sth) 对...的优待，优惠 (5) tendency/trend (towards sth) ...的趋势 39、under

【原始含义】 “在...正下方”prep. 【引申含义】

(1) 在某物之下 below

eg: The dog likes sitting under the table. (2) 低于 less than

eg: It’s population is under 2000. (3) 受...支配 who or what controls

eg: We will be very happy to work under his leadership. (4) 在某一情况的控制下，在...过程中 eg: The road is under repair.

Under no circumstance should you do that.

【常见搭配】

一、动词+（under+名词） (2)fall (under sth) 归入，列为...；受...领导 (3)get (under sth) 隐藏在...下；控制，镇压... (4)get (under sb’s skin) 惹恼某人 (5)hold (under sb/sth) 控制，统治... (6)keep (under sb/sth) 使...镇静；统治，控制... (7)keep sb (under observation) 严密监视... (8)live (under sb/sth) 经历...的统治 二、under +名词 (1) (under control) 被控制住

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(2) (under discussion/dispute) 在讨论中/在争议中 (3) (under pressure) 在压力下 (4) (under repair) 在修理中 (5) (under examination) 在检查中 (6) (under construction) 在建设中 (7) (under consideration) 在考虑中 (8) (under investigation) 在调查中 (9) (under development) 在发展中 (10) (under process) 在过程中 (11) (under the sun) 在世界上，任何地方;究竟 (12) (under way) 进行中,在行进 (13) (under fire) 遭到炮火射击,受到攻击 (14) (under the circumstances) 在这种情况下, 因为这种情况 (15) (under no circumstances) 决不，在任何情况下都不 (16) (under one’s guidance) 在…指导下 (17) (under age) 未成年的；未达到规定年龄的 (18) (under the mask of sth) 借...的名义 (19) (under suspicion) 受怀疑，涉嫌 (20) under the illusion/impression that +句子 误以为...;原以为...;错以为... 40、until/till 【原始含义】

“某人或某物从一个过程中走到一个固定的点” up to the point in time or the point mentioned eg: I shall go on working until next week.

In any case, it’s better to wait until tomorrow. 【常见搭配】 一、until的搭配 not... until... 直到...才... eg: He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back. I didn’t realize he is Chinese until he spoke.

41、up

【原始含义】

“向上,从一个起点循序渐进地增加的过程”（动态） 【引申含义】 prep.

（1）向...上面，由...向上to or in a higher place somewhere eg: He ran up the hill.

（2）沿着马路、沿着河 along a road or river eg: He lived up the river.

We walked together up the garden path.

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（3）抽象意义上的向上，朝积极方向发展 develop towards a positive direction

eg: Cheer yourself up! It’s nothing of a big deal. adv.

（1）向上，在上面 towards or in a higher position Eg: He jumped up from the chair. （2）加大，增高 at a higer level Eg: Prices are going up. （3）向北方

Eg: They have moved up north. （4）完全地，彻底地 completely Eg: The river has dried up. （5）结束，关闭

Eg: I have some work to finish up. （6）发生，出现 Eg: What’s up?

【常见搭配】 作副词时：

一、动词+（up+名词） (1)add (up sth) 加起来... (2)back (up sb/sth) 支持... (3)blow (up sb/sth) 夸张，夸大... (4)break (up sth/sb) 使...破碎，使...崩溃，毁掉... (5)bring (up sb) 抚养... (6)brighten (up sth) 使...明亮/活跃 (7)b …… 此处隐藏：4302字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……