现在完成时课件1

集宁七中：吕海文

The Meanings of the Present Perfect Tense一、表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.Eg. 1、Someone has broken has started ( break )the window.

2、The party

(start).

二、表示一个开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能继续下去的动作或状态.has studied

Eg. 1、He

( study )English for ten years.

2、The girl has been ( be ) ill for a week.

The Structure of the Present Perfect Tense1、主语+have/has +done…… 。 2、主语+have/has +not+done…… 。 3、have/has +主语+done……? 4、特殊疑问词+have/has +主语+done……?

Translation:1、I have just written the letter.我刚刚写完信.

2、He has waited for an hour.他已经等了一个小时.

3、I have not finished the work yet.我还没有完成这一项工作.

4、Have you known him since then?从那时起你就认识他了吗？

5、How long have you lived in the house?你在这所房子里住了多久了？

The Uses of the Present Perfect Tense一、表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。 常用的时间状语有：For +一段时间， Since +时间或动作, How long, lately=recently, so far=up to now=till (until) now, in the past……years (days……), these days (months, years), all day, this morning (week)

1、I 2、I 3、I

have been busy (busy) this morning. have heard (hear) from my father recently. have lived (live) in his hometown since he left here.

4、There have been (be) great changes in our country in the past few years.

5、So far,how many times have you

read (read) the novel?

二、表示过去某时刻到现在的经验或经历。 常用的短语有：Often, never, ever, before, ever since once(twice, three times……),Eg. 1、You don’t need to describe her, I have met (meet) her several times.

2、We have visited3、 Have you ever

(visit) your school before.been (be) to U.K.?

三、1、表示现在刚完成的动作。常用短语有：already, yet, just A、我还没有收到他的来信。 I haven’t heard from him yet. B、他刚吃完早餐。 He has just had his breakfast. C、我已经给我的老师写过信了。 I have already written a letter to my teacher.

2、过去动作的结果对现在仍有影响。A、我的哥哥成为一名医生了。My brother has become a doctor. B、我们的国家已经变得越来越富强。 Our country has become richer and stronger.

记住下列终止性动词改为延续性动词的表达法：A. 动词改为“be + 相应的副词”如：go , come, arrive, reach……

B. 动词改为 “be + 对应的形容词”如：close --be closed die ----be dead get up --- be up begin、start ---- be on fall asleep ---- be asleep open --- be open finish, end ----- be over leave ---be away go out --- be out return ---- be back

C.其它改法如： become ---join the army ---join the Party --catch a cold ---make friends ---buy ---- have borrow --- keep be be in the army

(be a soldier ) be in the Party (be a Party member) have a cold be friends

1、His brother has become a worker in that factory since he left school. A B C D

√

2、Has the film been on five minutes ago. A B C C √ D √

3、These babies have fallen asleep for three hours.A B D D 4、Jim has got up for over twenty minutes. A

√B

C

5、They have made friends since two years ago. A

√B

C

D

The Differences1、现在完成时不可与表示特定过去时间的副词连用。如：ago,last week,then,yesterday,just now,a momeng ago等。

Eg. 1、I left (leave) Shanghai for 3 days ago. I has been away from Shanghai for 3 days. 2、Tom caught (catch) a cold the day before yesterday. Tom has had a cold for 3 days.

2、过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关。Eg. He has bought a house. He bought a house five ago.

3、现在完成时不与疑问副词when连用，而一般过去时则可以。Eg. When did he come? When has he come? ( (

√ ×

) )

About The Past Perfect Tense过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态。1、用By, by the time, by the end of , before+过去时间……表示(1)、今天早晨7点钟之前他已经吃过了早饭。 He had already had his breakfast before seven o’clock this morning. (2)、到昨天下午3点钟我们已经完成了工作。 By three o’clock yesterday afternoon we had finished the work .

2、用when、before引导的状语从句表示及he said,he knew或 he asked等主句表示(1)、我赶到车站时火车已经开走了。 The train had already left when I got to the station. (2)、他说他从来没有去过北京。

He said he had never been to Beijing.

1、We have known (know) each other since we were (be) children.

2、The holes have been dug

(dig) . We can plant trees now.

3、What were you doing (do) when your father came home yesterday? 4、Where is Alice now? I 5、He asked who haven’t seen (not see) her for months.

had broken

(break) the window. (die) for three days, when his son

6、The old man had been dead got (get) back home.

7、I hope I have made

(make) no serious mistake in my work so far.

8、I thought you were (be) right.

1、我的叔叔入党已十年了. My uncle has been in the Party for ten years. 2、Mr West 昨天离开中国的.(since) Mr West has been away from China since yesterday. 3、 我以前从来没有学开汽车的机会. I’ve never had a chance to learn driving before. 4、自从杰克和他的父母来到北京，他已去过颐和园4次. Jack has visited the Summer Palace four times Since he came to Beijing. 5、史密斯一家人从未乘飞机旅行过，是吗？ The Smiths have never flown in a plane have they? 6、我还未找到丢失的钱包。 I haven’t found the lost wallet yet.