2011年考研英语二真题详细解析(2)

干扰排除：选项B中的had records of wrongdoings对应最后一段第二行中的any wrongdoing occurred，但原文的意思是即使出现不好情况他们也会选择留在公司，而不是独董在公司有不良记录，所以B可以排除。选项C在本段中

没有提及，属于无中生有选项可以直接排除，选项D中的incentives对应本段倒数第二句。但是原文是说公司要留住独董就要拿出incentives，而不是他们会像公司索要incentives，所以选项D也可以排除。

25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .

[A]permissive

[B]positive

[C]scornful

[D]critical

试题类型：作者态度题

解题思路：上一题已经考察文章最后一段，所以此题其实考察的是文章的主旨。全文通过独董Ms. Simmons离开公司的例子，对于独董对公司的作用展开

讨论。作者在第二段首句已经提出独董是有帮助的而且偏见少的，又在第三段提出一旦独董离开公司将会造成很多不利影响，说明作者认为独董对于公司是很重

要的，因此选项B是正确的。

干扰排除：C和D明确为贬义，与作者观点矛盾可以直接排除。选项A（宽大的，许可的）容易造成混淆，但是作者本身不是许可独董的存在，而是确实认为独董对公式是有帮助的，所以A也可以排除。

Text 2

Whatever happened to the death of newspaper？A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations？Should the state subsidize them ？It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.

本段首句到第四句描述现象：美国报纸行业的末日正在逼近。第五句到第八句提出联邦贸易委员会的不同解决方案（悬而未决）。第九句给出作者观点：其实没必要讨论（言下之意作者认为其实问题没那么严重）。

从考点设置来说，本段最后一句为明确的作者观点，适合设置主旨题的正确选项。

In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers，which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry，have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago，but profit all the same.

本段首句承接上段最后一句，指出危机有消退的迹象。第二句到第四句通过举例支持首句的观点（德国和巴西的报业已经摆脱衰退，美国也开始盈利）。

从考点设置来说，本段首句作为全段主旨是重要考点，但是和上一段的最后一句重合，因此可以选择不针对本段设置考点。

It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13，500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and，sadly for many journalists，they can be pushed further.

本段首句反对上段内容：情况还不容乐观。第二句+第三句指出问题一：靠

裁员维持生计。第四句指出问题二：报纸性价比下降。第五句指出问题三：拒绝向边远地区投递（缩减人力成本）。第六句通过转折指出：这些做法确实挽救了报纸行业，但是记者却要面临持续的裁员。

从考点设置来说，本段第二句到第五句为并列内容，对首句进行举例论证，属于重要内容，可以三个并列的问题中的一点设置细节题的正确选项。

Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses，with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came

from advertising in 2008，according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation Development （OECD）. In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly，Japanese newspapers are much more stable.

本段首句指出报纸行业好转的原因：发行收入和广告收入更加平衡。第二句+第三句通过列举美国过去的报纸行业广告占比，来凸显之前收入结构的不合理。

第四句举例日本的广告占比来表明：广告占比越高，报纸的稳定性就会下降（发行高意味着读者人数多，光有广告没人看也没用）。

从考点设置来说，本段首句和其余内容构成观点+例证的结构，其中例证内

部还出现了对比，因此首句的观点和例证的对比结构都可以设置相应的正确选项，无论考哪个部分，正确选项应该都和“广告占比下降好”有关。

The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody，but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.

本段首句通过转折指出真正受到冲击的是报纸中没有特色的板块。第二句到第四句进行举例论证：例如汽车，电影评论，科技，商业都没人看，所以都消失

了。第五句+第六句给出结论：因此报纸的板块不再完整，也没有必要完整。

从考点设置来说，本段首句为带有转折（转折本身还带有比较结构）的明确观点句，可以针对其设置细节题的正确选项。

26. By saying “Newspapers like …their own doom”（Lines 3-4，Para. 1），the author indicates that newspaper .

[A]neglected the sign of crisis

[B]failed to get state subsidies

[C]were not charitable corporations

[D]were in a desperate situation

试题类型：句意理解题

解题思路：通过题干定位到文章首段。题干考察当句大意是“类似旧金山纪事日报正在记录着行业的厄运”，本句已经表达出报纸行业可能要面临灾难的意

思。同时本句明确是举例内容，应该是用来支撑上文的观点的，首段第二句 A year ago the end seemed near（已经明确指出报纸行业的末日即将来临）。所以选项D是正确的。

干扰排除：选项Ａ在原文并没有提出，属于无中生有的选项，可以直接排除。选项Ｂ和Ｃ分别出自本段倒数第三句和第二句的两个问句。从选项排除技巧来说，这种并列出现的内容如果出现在不同选项中，都是不能选的（在原文逻辑地位相同，要么都是正确选项要么都是错误选项）。而且这两点都只是联邦贸易委员会在讨论的拯救报纸行业的措施，本身和题干单句意思完全不一样，所以都可以排除。

27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .

[A]readers threatened to pay less