名词性从句中的虚拟语气的用法解析

名词性从句中的虚拟语气

当名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）中的谓语动词使用了某种特殊形式或者该从句使用了某些具有特定意义的名词、形容词或分词时，可以使用虚拟语气。

1. 主语从句

(1) It is important that she (should) cooperate with us

It was unnecessary that he (should) get here so early.

He says it is fortunate that she (should) take the first prize.

It is strange that he (should) leave without telling us.

It is surprising/amazing/pleasing that she(should) win over her

mother.

在“ it + be + adj. + that clause ”的句型中，形容词表示“必须的”、

“重

要的”、“适当的”、“自然的”、“不可能的”、“紧迫的”等意义时，主语从句常用虚拟语气。这类形容词还有advisable, desirable, essential, impossible, natural, possible等。形容词表示“惊讶的”、“失望的”、“懊悔的”等意义时, 主语从句常用虚拟语气。形容词是dreadful （可怕的），funny等词时，这种句型中的主语从句也可用陈述语气。

2) It is ordered that the classroom (should) be kept in order.

It is desired that every student (should) obey the school rules

It is suggested that we (should) start the work at once.

表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”意义的动词，如advise, arrange, demand,

1

propo se, recomme nd, request, require等用被动语态时，主语从句要用虚拟

语气。

2. 宾语从句

1)He insisted that all of us (should) be there on time by any means.

The teacher suggested we (should) clean the blackboard after class.

表示“要求”、“建议”、“命令”等意义的动词后的宾语从句要用虚拟

语气。这类动词包括insist, desire, request, order, propose, command,

advise, recomme nd, dema nd, suggeS等。这些动词后面的宾语从句中用

（should）+ 动词原形”构成虚拟语气。

注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”和suggest表示“表明；暗示”，其

后的宾语从句中不用虚拟语气。例如：

The look on his face suggested that he was quite satisfied with what I had

done for him.

He insisted that was honest.

（2） I wish I could fly. （用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的愿望）

I wish I had known it before. （用过去完成时表示过去未实现的愿望，即

与过去事实相反的愿望）

I wish you would stay a little longer. ( 用“ would + 动词原形”表示

对将来的愿望） Wish 后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气。Wish 后面宾语从句

中的虚拟语气，要按“后退一步法”处理从句中谓语动词的时态。

2

注意：表示何时的愿望，与那个事实相反，不能以主句时态为判断依

据，而应根据从句的意义判断。

3) I would rather you did not make any comment on the issue for the time being.

Would not you rather your child went to bed early?短语would rather 后面的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。在这种结构中，从句中的谓语动词通

常用过去式表示对现在的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。

3．表语从句

My suggestion is that the old houses (should) be pulled down.

The old man'srequest is that his children (should) give him some money to live on every month.

句子主语是表示“愿望” 、“劝告”、“建议”、“主张”、“决定”等

行为动词派生出的同根名词时，表语从句常用虚拟语气“（should+）动

词原形”结构。这类名词有suggestion, proposal, request, advice, decision, requireme nt 等。

4. 同位语从句

What do you think of Mr Li 's proposal that we (should) have a get—together next Friday?

My wish that a teaching building (should) be built here will soon come true.

3

4

同位语从句中用虚拟语气的情况与表语从句类似。 从句的先行词

是表示“ 愿望”、“劝告”、“建议”、“主张”、“命令”、“决定”等行为 动词派生出来的同根名词时， 同位语从句常用虚拟语气 “(should+) 动

词原形” 结构。这类名词与上面所讲的表语从句中的一样。

补充： It is (high) time that the child went to bed.

在it is (high) time + (that)从句中，从句中的谓语动词通常用过去

时(或should+动词原形)表示虚拟。

强化练习：

1. She noticed how nervous he was and stage where he could watch and follow the play.

A. agreed

B. suggested

C. persuaded

D. encouraged

2. Jane 's pale face suggested that she

A. did; set

B. had done; should be set

C. do; be set

D. had done ;

must be set

he should stand near the ill, and her parents suggested that she a medical examination.

A. be should have

B. was; have

C. should be had

D. was; had

3. It is necessary that the question

A. be settled

B. must settle

C. settle

D. could be settled

4. They received orders that the work

at once. A. must be done B. would be done C. had been done D. be done

5. The young man insisted that he nothing wrong and free.

5 6. My suggestion was that the meeting

A. to put

B. be put C, should D. be putting 7. “Have you ever been to Beijing?”“No, but I wish I

A. wins

B. won

C. had won

D. has won 10. I 'd rather

you the letter

right away.

A. post

B. posted

C. will post

A. have

B. will

C. do

D. had 8. it is time

(that) we

to bet. A. must go B. will go

C. went

D. have gone 9. How I wish

Jim

the game! Keys: 1 5 BBADB 10BDCCB off till next week. D. should post