英汉翻译辅导（练习+参考答案）(2)

? 林肯擅长演说，又刻苦学习政治哲学。

代词的误译

? 人称代词的特殊用法

? We have 365 days in a year. ? You can never tell.

? A translator has to know everything of something and something of everything.

参考答案

? 一年有365天。 ? 谁也无法预料。

? 译员既要博闻强记，又要学问精深

请翻译1

? Where people once tried to influence natural events with magic and supernatural forces, they now had science to guide them.

参考答案

? 以前人们试图用巫术和超自然的力量来影响自然事件，但现在已有科学来指导他们。

请翻译2

? My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable.

参考答案

? 我的看法是，人们对下一代人的抱怨是不可避免的。

请翻译3

? Evening would come before you know it.

参考答案

? 黄昏不知不觉就要来到。

请翻译4

? Someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.

参考答案

? 习惯于多动脑筋的人，在进入老年之后要比一个从来不积极动脑筋的人的认知能力更为健全。

请翻译5

? You can almost put it down as a general rule that he often invite “honest criticism”, but seldom gets it, and usually doesn’t follow it when he does.

参考答案

? 你几乎可以把这个看成一个惯例：他经常请人提出“直率的批评”，不过通常没有人批评他，但是当真的有人这么做的时候，他也不照着做就是了。

请翻译6

? Few countries supported such aggressive acts and

therefore the military burden had fallen on the aggressors alone. So would the agony of their new armed intervention in the affairs of other countries.

参考答案

? 几乎没有什么国家支持这种侵略行径，因此军事负担就只落在侵略者自己身上，如果他们再武装干涉别国事务，吃苦头的也只会是侵略者自己。

请翻译7

? I would inevitably make mistakes at one time or another and operate on someone who did not need surgery or sit on someone who did.

? Sit on: 搁置

? For weeks they did nothing about my case, they just sat on

it.

参考答案

? 说不定时候我会出错，这几乎是不可避免的。我会给不需要手术的病人开刀，也可能会忽略需要动手术的病人。

请翻译8

? Health is about wealth, for this cannot give so much happiness as that.

参考答案

? 健康比财富重要，因为财富不能像健康那样给人们带来幸福。

动词的误译

? 及物还是不及物动词

? Within the first few hours, he issued the orders to murder over the radio and television.

参考答案

? 在几个小时之内，他通过无线电和电视下令进行屠杀。

情态动词1 ? I could have laughed to hear him talk like this.

? 有可能发生，但没有发生

参考答案

? 听到他这样讲话，我差点笑出来。

情态动词2

? I must have dialed the wrong number.

? There must be a law behind all these phenomena.

? He was astounded that the man who presided over his fate should come pleading to him.

参考答案

? 我一定打错电话了。

? 所有这一切现象背后一定有规律。

? 他很惊讶，这个主宰着他命运的人居然来向他央求。

否定转移

? You should not despise him because he is backward.

? I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me.

? We don’t read novels for amusement.

参考答案

? 不要因为某人落后，你们就看不起他。

? 我并不是因为教书容易才教书的。

? 我们读小说不是为了消遣。

部分否定

? All the bacteria are not harmful.

? All that glitters is not gold.

参考答案

? 并不是所有的细菌都对人体有害。

? 闪光的并非都是黄金。

双重否定

? The greatness of a people is no more determined by their

number than the greatness of a man is determined by his height.

? No more …than “正如”

参考答案

? 一个民族的伟大不取决于其人口的多少，正如一个人的伟大不决定于他的身高。

形近词－请翻译画线词：

? He founded the University of Chicago Lab School around the turn of the century.

? His family ground its own grain in a windmill.

? Drive carefully on the road in bad weather—It’s very winding.

时态的混淆

? I haven’t heard from him since he lived in Beijing. ? 自从…时候我再也没有收到过他的信。

? 注意：since 通常都表示动作或者状态的结束。

? It’s been ten years since he became a teacher. 自从…已经十年了。

时态的混淆

? It was the last service he was to render his fellow countrymen.

? Was to 表示过去将发生，但尚未发生的动作。

? It was the last service he rendered his … ? 请翻译并比较：