ERP在我国中小企业管理中的应用研究

ERP在我国中小企业管理中的应用研究

摘 要

ERP从一出现就引起企业界及学术界的普遍关注，经过十多年的发展，出现了一批实施ERP卓有成效的企业及一批优秀的ERP软件供应商，国外的如SAP, Oracle等，国内的如用友、金蝶等。由于ERP形式的发展和变化迅速，以至很多中小企业对ERP的管理理念和管理内涵还来不及做深刻的理解。面多国内外大大小小，形形色色的众多ERP软件商往往显得茫然和无所适从，而众多失败的案例让中小企业望而生畏。但中小企业对管理水平提高等访面的需求越来越强烈，迫切需要像ERP这种全面的集成化的企业信息化解决方案来加速自身改造以提升企业的竞争力。本文的选题正是顺应了这一广泛需求。本文运用层次分析法、系统分析和博弈论等方法，研究中小企业ERP实施过程中一些关键问题，以期对ERP在中小企业的实施和应用尽绵薄之力。

关键词：中小企业；ERP；选型；BPR

ERP在我国中小企业管理中的应用研究

Abstract

Since ERP came to appear, ERP considerably attracted the people of enterprise and academic circles. With development of ERP, there are much more enterprises applying ERP system successfully and plenty's of ERP excellent suppliers, such as SAP ,Oracle and LTFIDA, King. Due to ERP developing and changing rapidly, many small medium-Sized enterprises (SMEs for short) can not understand the connotation and the ideological system of ERP profoundly, and then they are confused to choose the ERP software. On the other hand, SMEs urgently need the integrated solutions such as ERP to accelerate self-innovation to improve the level of management and the enterprise competition ability. My topical study meets the wide need and discusses the ERP implementation process by the AHP method, the system analysis method and game theory and so on, in order to advance the ERP progress in SMEs.

Key Words: SMEs ; ERP ; ERP acquisition ; BPR

ERP在我国中小企业管理中的应用研究

目 录

第一章 绪论 .............................................................................................. 1

1.1选题背景 ............................................................................................................................. 1

1.2国内外研究现状 ................................................................................................................. 1

1.3研究目的和意义 ................................................................................................................. 3

1.4研究方法和主要内容 ......................................................................................................... 4

第二章 ERP相关理论 ............................................................................. 5

2.1 ERP的基本概念 ................................................................................................................ 5

2. 2 ERP的发展阶段 ............................................................................................................... 6

2. 3 ERP的主要功能 ............................................................................................................... 7

2.4中小企业的应用现状 ....................................................................................................... 12

2.5中小企业需求分析 ........................................................................................................... 14

2.5.1中小企业ERP需求分析 ...................................................................................... 14

2.5.2中小企业ERP需求特点 ...................................................................................... 17

2.6中小企业应用ERP必要性 ............................................................................................. 19

2.7中小企业应用ERP的可行性 ......................................................................................... 20

第三章 中小企业ERP软件的选型分析 .............................................. 21

3.1中小企业ERP软件选型的博弈分析.............................................................................. 21

3.2打破 “囚徒困境” ......................................................................................................... 23

3.3中小企业如何正确进行ERP软件选型.......................................................................... 27

3.3.1ERP软件选型的基本原则 .................................................................................... 27

3.3.2选型的基本流程 .................................................................................................... 28

3.3.3 ERP具体的评估指标体系 ................................................................................... 34

第四章 ERP实施的过程 ....................................................................... 36

4. 1 ERP实施的方法 ............................................................................................................. 36

4. 2 ERP实施的一般流程 ..................................................................................................... 37

4.2.1项目的前期工作 .................................................................................................... 37

4.2.2实施准备阶段 ........................................................................................................ 39

4. 2. 3模拟运行及用户化 .............................................................................................. 41

4. 2. 4切换运行 .............................................................................................................. 42

4. 2. 5新系统运行 .......................................................................................................... 43

4.3 ERP项目实施的关键 ...................................................................................................... 43

4.4中小企业实施ERP的主要困难 ..................................................................................... 47

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