Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

Lecture 1The Old and Medieval Period 中世纪

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

The Old and Medieval Period medieval relating to the Middle Ages 450—1066; 1066 --- 15th century

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

The Old Period nations/ peoples 1. Celts凯尔特人 2. The Roman Conquest (1st A.D.---5th )

3. Angles, Saxons 安格鲁撒克逊人and Jutes朱特 人 (following 6 centuries)4. Norman Conquest (1066)

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

Beowulf (the late 10th century) national epic poem史诗 epic It is a long narrative叙事 poem, majestic壮丽的 both in theme and style. Epics deal with legendary 传奇or historical events 历史 事件of national or universal significance.

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

Beowulf ? Verse诗 with 3182 lines in narration of a legendary north European (Scandinavia) hero, commonly cited as one of the most important works of AngloSaxon literature

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

written in alliteration the repetition重复 of a particular sound in the first syllables音节 of a series of words or phrases

“the ruinous deeds of the ravaging foe that was the last fight Beowulf fought that was the end of his work in the world.”------The end of the old period

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

Norman Conquest (1066) The Norman Conquest of England was the invasion入侵 and conquest of England by an army of Normans led by Duke William II of Normandy. William, who defeated King Harold II of England on 14 October 1066 at the Battle of Hastings, was crowned as king on Christmas Day 1066.

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

He then consolidated加强巩固 his control and settled many of his followers in England, introducing a number of governmental and societal 社会的changes. impacts?

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

Politically, a feudal system was established. Religiously, the Rome-backed Catholic 天主教 Church had a much stronger control over the country. Linguistically, three languages co-existed in England, i.e. French, Latin and the Old English.

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

popular literary form in the medieval period romance It is a literary style popular in the Middle Ages dealing, in verse诗 or prose散文, with legendary or supernatural神的；超自然的 subjects and characters. It is applied to tales specifically concerned with knightly 骑士般的adventures or other heroic deeds事迹.

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

epic vs romance

The romance and the epic are similar forms, but epics叙事诗 tend to be longer and less concerned with love. “The epic reflects a heroic age, the romance reflects a chivalric侠义的，骑士的 one. ”hero– knight爵士 heroism---chivalry骑士

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

three greatest works Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

William Langland Piers PlowmanGeoffrey Chaucer The Canterbury Tales

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and

Medieval Period

The Canterbury Tales One day in April, a poet comes to the Tabard Inn in the southern suburb of London. By nightfall, 29 pilgrims朝圣者 arrive at the inn and they get ready to go to Canterbury坎特伯雷. Harry Bailey, the host of the inn, proposes that each pilgrim should tell two stories on the way and two more on the way back. The best story-teller is to be given a free supper, at the cost of all the rest. The host offers to go with them as their judge and guide. According to the plan, there should be 120 stories, but actually 24 tales are preserved (20 complete stories and 4 fragments).

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

As the pilgrims come from all layers of society, the book represents a diverse section of the fourteenth-century English society.

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

significance of Chaucer “the father of English Poetry”—by John Dryden 1. Chaucer greatly contributes to the founding of the English literary language. He is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. 2. Chaucer introduces heroic couplet (英雄双韵体) from France to English poetry, instead of alliterative 头韵的 verse. 3. Chaucer is the forerunner of humanism.

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

coupleta pair of rhyming押韵的 verse lines, usually of the same length

heroic coupletrhymed couplets in iambic抑扬格 pentameter五 音步诗行

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

What is foot?(音步) the unit of stressed and unstressed syllables 1. four major types of foot (1). Iambic foot 抑扬格 to be (2). Trochaic foot 扬抑格 beat it (3). Anapaestic foot 抑抑扬格 to the wall (4). Dactylic foot 扬抑抑格 heavenly

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

iambic foot抑扬格ˇIn 'eve | ˇry 'cry | ˇof 'eve | ˇry 'man ˇIn 'eve | ˇry 'in | ˇfant’s 'cry | ˇof 'fear Definition: Iambic foot has a pattern of alternating stressed and unstressed syllables beginning with an unstressed syllable.

英美文学课件

Lecture 1 The Old and Medieval Period

2. classifications of foot monometer: one foot 单音步

dimeter: two feet 两音步trimeter: three feet tetrameter: four feet pentameter: five feet hexameter: six feet heptameter: seven feet octameter: eight feet