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收稿日期:2007-05-21　修回日期:2007-09-28

卵泡发育及其调节因素的研究进展

卢　锦(综述),朱　艳(

审校)(辽宁医学院附属第一医院妇产科,辽宁锦州121000)

中图分类号:R 339.22　　　　　文献标识码:A 　　　　　文章编号:1006-2084(2008)04-0507-03

　　摘要:卵泡发育是一个极为复杂的过程。卵泡由一个居于核心的卵细胞及周围的颗粒细胞和卵泡膜细胞所组成。在促性腺激素等的作用调控下,卵泡中颗粒细胞增殖、分化,产生分化程度不一的颗粒细胞群。颗粒细胞又通过旁分泌和间隙连接的通讯方式控制卵母细胞的生长和成熟,因而卵泡发育是处在一个庞大的调控系统严格控制之下。该文就各影响因素对卵泡发育的作用进行综述。

关键词:卵泡发育;调节因素;激素;生长因子;胰岛素The Progress of Follicu lar Development and Its Regu latory Factors 　L U Jin ,ZHU Yan .(Department of Ob -s tetric s and G ynaec ol ogy ,the Fir st Hos pital Affiliat ed to Liaoning M edic al C olle ge ,Jinz hou 121000,C hina )Abstract :Follicul ar development was a very complicated process .Follicle was co mposed of a oocyte in its middle and granulos a cells and theca cells surrounding the oocyte .the granulosa cell can has the abil ity of prolifera -tion and differentiation ,which can di fferentiated in granulocyte populati on with different differentiated degree under the control of gonad stimulating hormone .Granulocyte can control the devel opment and mature of oocytes by parac -rine and gap j unction ..Consequently ,follicular development was under the strict controlling of a huge system .This article revie ws the effect of various factors on follicular devel opment .

Key words :Follicl e development ;Regulatory factors ;Hormone ;Growth factors ;Insulin

　　卵泡由一个居于核心的卵细胞及周围的颗粒细胞和卵泡膜细胞所组成。卵巢的卵泡形成是一个高度协调的生理过程,卵泡的生长和发育受多种因素的控制。近年来,人们对卵泡生长发育的内分泌调控机制的认识开始发生变化。传统的观点认为,卵泡的生长发育主要受促性腺激素和性腺类固醇激素的调节。新的研究发现,卵巢内部还存在着许多其他激素和细胞因子,在卵泡发育中起着不可缺少的调节作用。1　卵泡发育

卵泡发育是一个以形态变化为特征的生长过程,同时伴随着卵泡功能的分化。原始卵泡一旦启动生长,便是一个连续不断的发育和分化过程,要么变成优势卵泡,使卵子排放与成熟,要么中途闭锁。每个月经周期(或性周期)启动生长一

组原始卵泡,同时生长启动的多

数卵泡将不会达到排卵阶段,而是在发育过程中的不同时期发生凋亡[1]。胎儿出生时卵巢中已经存在约100万个不同早期发育阶段的卵泡。出生前后卵原细胞开始分化,进入第1次减数分裂前期,即初级卵母细胞,四周由卵泡细胞包围,二者组成处于静止状态的原始卵泡。青春期后在促性腺激素作用下,每个月经周期

有一组卵泡发育,黄体生成素

(luteinizing hormone ,LH )峰之前处于生殖泡期,LH 峰后生殖泡 …… 此处隐藏：12426字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……