高中英语“惯用法”总结，必修五本书各单元重点总结，单选必考

1．While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. While walking the dog＝While you were walking the dog，这是状语从句的省略。注意 要省都省，要留都留 ②While (I was) waiting, I read newspapers.

⑦I won't go unless (I'm) invited 涉及主被动的判断，看动词与主语的主被动关系 When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.

A．introducing B．introduced C．introduce D．being introduced

2．...tell him/her that he/she should have studied... should have done过去应该做某事而事实上没有做；shouldn't have done过去本不该做某事而实际上却做了 could have done过去本可能做而未做。“本来能做……”。 情态动词+have done 这件事情已经做过 must have done对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。“一定……”。 情态动词+ do 这件事情还没有做 can't/couldn't have done对过去发生的事情的否定推测。“不可能……”。 needn't have done过去没有必要做却做了。“本来没必要做……”。

Oh, I'm not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried chicken just now.

A．shouldn't eat B．mustn't have eaten C．shouldn't have eaten D．mustn't eat

3．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face... It is/was the first time(that)．.固定句式，it可换成this或that; first可换成second, third等，以表达不同的意义。

It is the first time that...后接现在完成时；It was the first time that...后接过去完成时；It will be the first time that...后接现在完成时。

the first time名词短语活用为连词，来连接两个句子 The first time I saw her,I fall love with her. —Have you ever been here before?

—No. This is the first time that I ______ to the Great Wall. A．comes B．have been C．came D．had come

4．Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on. “with＋n.＋形容词/副词/介词短语/分词/动词不定式”这种结构，with后面不能加句子 在句中经常做状语 ①He lay on his back, with his eyes looking up into the sky.

②With his homework done, he went out to play. 涉及主被动的判断，看动词与逻辑主语的主被动关系 ③With the guide to lead us, we'll have no difficulty finding his house.

John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______， he gladly accepted it. A．finished B．finishing C．having finished D．was finished

5．Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.

(1)believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入语。 (2)no such thing 没有这样的事情

6.It is/has been＋时间段＋since...自从……已经多久了。It was ＋时间段＋since..had done.自从……已经多久了 It is 3 years since he gave up smoking. How long do you suppose it is ______ he arrived there?

A．when B．before C．after D．since

7. 主系表 be＋adj.＋to do在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋不定式”结构中，不定式与主语在意义上是动宾关系，但要用主动形式表被动意义拓展：此句式还可以拓展为 “find/feel/think/believe＋宾语＋adj.＋to do” (1)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.

A．to be breathed B．to breathe C．breathing D．being breathed (2)They found the lecture hard ______； they all felt sleepy. A．to be understood B．for understanding C．to understand D．to have been understood

8．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is. however 是副词，修饰形容词、副词＋主＋谓； whatever 是代词，修饰的是名词。和初中学习的感叹句一样 ①However difficult it is, you must work it out. ②Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together. (1)______ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. A．However B．Whatever C．No matter D．Although (2)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit ______ the season. A．whatever B．wherever C．whenever D．however

（3）_____team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A．No matter what B．No matter which C．Whatever D．Whichever

9. insist一词的用法 要求：虚拟语气 认为：真实语气 (2)The old worker insisted that he ______ old and ______ back to the working post again. A．wasn’t; be sent B．wasn’t; was sent C．be not; send D．isn’t; sent

10. a number of是“许多，大量”的意思，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。

the number of 是“……的数目”的意思，谓语动词用单数。

11．All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。此句为部分否定表示“不都、并非都”的意思 全部否定用：no one（指人3者以上）, none（人 物 3者以上）, neither（2者既不也不）, nobody（一个人也没有）, nothing（一个物 一件事也没），以及 not...any/either（2者 或者 或者）来表示。

12...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.…… (2)only 修饰状语从句时，从句不可倒装即前不倒后倒。如：Only when he returned did we find out the truth. ______ you eat the correct food ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.

A．Only if; will you B．Only if; you will C．Unless; will you D．Unless; you will

13．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 同知识点3 (3) the first time the moment, the minute, the second, the instant 等名词短语活用为连词，相当于 as soon as，表示“一…就… (1)each time, every time, next time, last time, any time 等也可以做连词用

(2)immediately, directly, instantly 副词活用为连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”，相当于 as soon as

14.as well as的用法一样，连接主语时，谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致（就远原则）：with, along with, together with, but, besides, rather than等。如：

Mr Brown together with his wife and three children has been in China for three years.

15 used to do 表示过去经常做某事，也可以表示过去的状态。 be used to doing 意为“习惯于”，be 也可换成 get或 become。 be used to do 意为“被用于做……”，是被动语态。

16.nor/neither“也不”，置于句首引导分句，句子要用部分倒装。即 ①She isn't a student; neither/nor is he (＝he isn't a student, either).

③—He didn't work hard, so he failed the exam. —So it was with me.

用于前面陈述的是两种以上的情况或既有肯定也有否定。So it is (was) with sb. (sth.)或 It is (was) the same with sb. (sth.)

17 Asia is about four times as large as Europe. 注意 倍数一定要放在前面

18 当 so.../such...位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。 So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. (1)______about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. A．So curious the couple was B．So curious were the couple C．How curious the couple were D．The couple was such curious

19.long before 早在……之前很久 before long “不久以后”

(3)“It will be long before＋从句(一般现在时)”与 “It was long before＋从句(一般过去时)”的意思是“过很久才……” (4)“It will not be long before＋从句(一般现在时)”与“It was not long before＋从句(一般过去时)”，意思是“没过很久就……” 20 )no more than＋数次＝only 仅仅 more than＋数词，“……以上；多于……”，等于 over ＋名词，“不仅仅；不只；超过；远不止” ＋adj./adv.，“非常；十分；更加” more than one “不止一个”，做主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数等于 many a 谓语动词同样的要用单数 Many a famous writer ______(be) an alumnus(撰搞人) of a local newspaper.

21 He talks as if he was/were the owner of the world.

He talks as if he had been to the moon.. 注意as if/as though 引导方式状语从句，要用虚拟语气。 He held his pen as if he what to write.

A. has known B. had known C. knew D. known

22Nothing could be better... 再没有比这更好的了……否定词有 no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等与比较级连用，表示最高级的含义

(1)—Did you listen to Mr Jackson's lecture? —Yes, I have never heard a ______ one.

A．more exciting B．more excited C．most exciting D．most excited

常见 it cloudn't be better 再好不过了 I can't agree more 再同意不过了 表示非常同意 ，赞同

22 have的用法 have sth. done 使某事被做

have sth. to do 意为“有某事要做”注意 事情还没有去做

have sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”同make let 一样 使役动词 后面都用动词原形

23 find sth done (突然)发现被做……；不知不觉中发现自己被Then I found myself surrounded by half a dozen boys. find oneself doing sth. 突然发现或惊奇地发现自己正在做某事，表示吃惊或不相信等情感。 Dick found himself walking in the direction of Mike's place.

24．The next morning _I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. ③I was about to go out when an unexpected visitor came. be about to do...when...正要做??这时?? 固定搭配

25．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

本句中 it做形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式短语 for life to develop。it做形式宾语还可以代替动名词或从句。 it还可以做形式主语，代替真正的主语——不定式(或不定式复合结构)、动名词(或动名词复合结构)或从句。 (1)It's＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是??的。 (2)It's＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事??

(3)It's/was/...who/that...是某人/某物做??（强调句型） (4)It is/was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋主语＋have/had done...这是某人第……次做……（注意时态一致） (5)It is (high) time that...＋主语＋did/should do...是……该做……的时候了。 (6)It's said/reported/believed/announced that...据说/据报道/据猜测/据称…… (7)It?s a pity/a shame/a wonder...that...可惜/遗憾/奇怪……的是…… (8)It happens/appears/seems that... 恰巧/看来/好像…… (9)It looks/seems as if... 看起来好像…… (10)It?s up to sb. to do... 该某人做……

Please do sit down. 务必请坐下。 Do be careful next time. 下次千万要小心。这里面的do是用来强调谓语动词的 You do look nice today.

26．Further reading made me realize that it_was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.

强调句型：It is/was＋被强调成分＋that/who＋其他部分

(1)只能强调句中的主语、宾语和状语，不能用该句式强调句子谓语。 (2)如果强调两个以上的并列主语，该句式仍用 is/was，不用 are/were。 (3)强调部分为表示“人”的名词时，可用 who；其他情况则用 that。

(4)强调 not...until 句型时，要将主句中的 not一起强调。即 It is/was not until...that... (5)Is/Was it＋被强调成分＋that...？为其一般疑问句形式。