英语国家概况(澳大利亚)

Some General Facts

Names of the Country

The Commonwealth of Australia

Down Under

The Lucky Country

The Sunburned Country

Oz

The Land of Wonder

The Land of Plenty

The Land of the Long Weekend

Origins of the Country’s Nickname

Excerpt from “Down Under”

On a hippie trail, head full of zombie

I met a strange lady, she made me nervous

She took me in and gave me breakfast

and she said,"Do you come from a land down under?

Where women glow and men plunder?

Can't you hear, can't you hear the thunder?

You better run, you better take cover."

Christian Shephard ：

Australia is called "Down Under" because it's as close as you can get to Hell without getting burned.

Origins of the Country’s Nickname

Making of the Country

Six States

◆ New South Wales (Sydney)

◆ Queensland (Brisbane)

◆ South Australia (Adelaide)

◆ Western Australia (Perth)

◆ Victoria (Melbourne)

◆ Tasmania (Hobart)

Two Territories

◆ Australian Capital Territory

◆ Northern Territory (Darwin)

Political Figures of the Country

Head of state: Sovereign（最高统治者） Queen Elizabeth II

Governor-General: Michael Jeffery

Head of government: Prime Minister Kevin Michael Rudd

National Anthem of the Country

Advance Australia Fair

Australians all let us rejoice,

For we are young and free;

We’ve golden soil and wealth for toil;

Our home is girt（围绕） by sea;

Our land abounds in nature’s gifts

Of beauty rich and rare;

In history’s page, let every stage

Advance Australia Fair.

In joyful strains then let us sing,

Advance Australia Fair.

Beneath our radiant Southern Cross

We’ll toil with hearts and hands;

To make this Commonwealth of ours

Renowned of all the lands;

For those who’ve come across the seas

We’ve boundless plains to share;

With courage let us al l combine

To Advance Australia Fair.

In joyful strains then let us sing,

Advance Australia Fair.

National Color of the Country

Yellow & Green

National Flora（植物） of the Country

Golden Wattle（向日葵）

National Flag of the Country

The Coat of Arms of Australia

New South Wales - Golden Lion & St George's Cross

Victoria - Southern Cross & Imperial Crown

Queensland - Maltese Cross & Imprerial Crown

South Australia - White-Backed Magpie

Western Australia - Black Swan

Tasmania（塔斯马尼亚岛） - Red Lion

Coins and Bank Notes

National Holidays of the Country

Australia Day

Anzac Day – 25 April or, if that day falls Sunday, the following Monday May Day – the first Monday in May

Queen’s Birthday – the second Monday in June

Picnic Day – the first Monday in August

Other Facts and Figures

Population: 20,351,000

Capital: Canberra; 373,000

Area: 7,692,024 square kilometers (2,969,906 square miles)

Language: English, native languages

Religion: Protestant, Roman Catholic

Currency（货币）: Australian dollar

Life Expectancy（期望）: 80

GDP per Capita（人数）: U.S. $26,900

Literacy（读写能力） Percentage: 100

Ethnic（人种的） groups:

1. White 92% 2. Asian 7% 3. Aboriginal & others 1%

Religions:

Roman Catholic（天主教） 26%, Anglican 21%

Christian 21%, Buddhist 2%

Islam 2%, others 1%

History of the Continent

200 million years ago

– Australia was attached to Pangaea（大陆）.

Between 200 and 65 million years ago

– Pangaea separated to form Gondwanaland and Laurasia.

50 million years ago

– Gondwanaland broke up into southern continents with Antarctica and Australia attached.

40 million years ago

– Australia broke away from Antarctica.

Geological Regions of the Country

Eastern Highlands

◆ The Great Dividing Range

◆ The Coastal Plain

Central Lowlands

◆ Lake Eyre

Western Plateau

◆ Large Deserts

◆ Ancient Rocks

The Dividing Range

◆ Stretching along the eastern coast

◆ Containing the highest mountain of Australia –

Mt. Kosciuszko/Kosiusko (2,228 m)

◆ Bordered by sandy（游牧的） beaches and rocky cliffs

Lake Eyre

◆ Largest lake in the country (9,600 sq km)

◆ Lowest point in the continent (12 m)

◆ A salt water lake in the arid（干旱的） interior

History of the Country

The First Immigrants

Aborigines – Nomadic Hunters and Gatherers

◆ Coming from Asia 50,000 years ago

◆ Reaching Tasmania 35,000 years ago

Hunting and Obtaining Food with Tools and Weapons

◆ Core（挖掘） Tools; Grinding（磨的） Stones; Boomerang Aboriginal Society

◆ Nomadic and kinship band

◆ Laws and beliefs upheld（支持） by song, dance and art

◆ Without formal system of government

◆ Oral tradition and The Dreaming (Dreamtime)

How to get a flake from a core

Grinding Stone

Hatchets Made from Ground-Stone

Aborigines with Boomerang

Aboriginal and Modern Boomerangs

The Dutch Discovery

Willem Janszoon – a Dutch Navigator（航海家）

◆ The first recorded European sighting of the

Australian mainland (1606)

◆ The first recorded European landfall on the

Australian continent

The Chart of Western and Northern Coast-lines of Australia

Abel Tasman – a Dutch Explorer

◆ The success of sailing into the waters of southern Australia (1642) ◆ The discovery of the island Tasmania

17th century map of Tasmania, showing the part …… 此处隐藏：4806字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……