2020届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy-the science of star(6)

come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在

①Nothing exists on the moon as there is no water and no air. 月球上没有东西生存，因为那里没有水和空气。

②He finds it hard to exist on the money he's earning. 他发现靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。

③Nobody knows when the earth came into existence. 没人知道地球是何时形成的。

[名师点津] exist是不及物动词，没有被动语态，也没有进行时。

5．(教材P26)Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet. 于是，它们接着成了这个行星上最重要的动物。 in one's turn 轮到某人；接着 in turn 依次；轮流；转而；反过来 by turns 轮流；交替 take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事

①It will be in Tom's turn to be on duty tomorrow. 明天轮到汤姆值日。

②They took turns to_look (look) after their parents. 他们轮流照顾他们的父母。

③It's my turn to_deliver (deliver) a speech in public. 轮到我在公众面前发表演讲了。

[名师点津] by turns 是“交替；轮流”的意思，多指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行；如果表示“按顺序”则应该用in turn。 6．(教材P26)They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.

他们把过多的二氧化碳排放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热量不能释放到太空中去。 prevent ...from 阻止；制止 stop ...from (doing)．.. 制止…… keep ...from (doing)．.. 阻止……

protect ...from/against (doing) ... 保护……免受……伤害 ①No one can prevent this plan (from) being carried out. 谁也不能阻止这个计划的实施。

②They were stopped from entering (enter) the burning building. 他们被阻止进入燃烧着的大楼。

③Soldiers have been sent to protect the crew against/from attack. 已经派出士兵保护船员免遭袭击。

[名师点津] 短语prevent/stop/protect ...from ...中的from可以省略，keep ...from ...中的from不能省略。但在被动结构中，from均不可省略。

7．(教材P27)How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.

地球上生命的起源是科学家们难以解决的最大疑惑之一。 puzzle n．谜；难题vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难

(1)in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好 (be) a puzzle to sb. ……对某人来说仍是个谜 (2)puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索 (3)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj. 感到迷惑的

be puzzled about 对……迷惑不解

①I'm in a puzzle as to how to get along with him. 对于如何和他相处使我感到困惑。

②Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. 他们为什么干那件事仍然让我费解。

③The student was puzzled about what to do next. 这个学生对下一步做什么伤透了脑筋。

[语境串记] The puzzled look on her face suggested she was puzzling over the puzzling math problem.

她脸上困惑的表情暗示了她正在思考那个令人困惑的数学问题。

1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 这就产生了一个连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。

句中made it possible for life to develop属于“v.(动词)＋it＋adj.(宾补)＋to do”结构。该结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。

(1)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可由名词或形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当。

①Praise makes good men better and bad men worse. [谚语]表扬能使好人更好，坏人更坏。

②The police made them stand against the wall.

＝ They were made by the police to_stand (stand) against the wall. 警察强迫他们靠墙站着。

[名师点津] 当“make＋宾语＋do sth.”变为被动语态时，不定式符号“to”要还原。 (2)当该结构的宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。即：make＋it＋

宾语补足语＋不定式短语或从句(宾语补足语由名词或形容词充当)。常用于此结构中的动词还有：think, believe, find, consider, feel等。

③I find it hard to_remember (remember) these words in a short time. 我发现在短时间内记住这些词很难。

④I must make it clear that I'll always support you. 我必须说清楚我会一直支持你。

2．The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 地球(开始)变得如此激烈动荡，以至于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。 (1)句中whether ...or not引导主语从句，it为形式主语。 ①It matters little whether he likes it or not. 他喜不喜欢并没有什么关系。

(2)whether...(or not)引导的从句还可充当宾语、表语、同位语、状语等。 ②I'll see whether_she's_at_home. 我来看看她在不在家。

③A person has the right to vote, whether_the_person_is_male_or_female. 一个人，无论是男是女，都拥有选举权。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空