2020届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy-the science of star(5)

3.harmful adj.有害的→harm n．&v.伤害→ harmless adj.无害的

4.exist vi.存在；生存→existence n．存在；生存 1.harmful adj.有害的 [记法] harm(损害) ＋-ful(形容词后缀)→harmful(有害的) [联想] 盘点-ful后缀形容词

①care→careful小心的 ②hope→hopeful有希望的 ③help→helpful有帮助的 ④use→useful有用的 2.unlike prep.与……不同；不像 [联想] un-前缀形容词集锦

①usual→unusual不寻常的 ②able→unable 不能够的 ③fair→unfair不公平的 ④fit→unfit不健康的 ⑤happy→unhappy不高兴的 3.multiply vi.&vt.乘；增加 [联想] 数学运算小聚 ①add v. 加；增加，添加 ②subtract v. 减；减去，扣除 ③divide v. 除；(使)相除 4.oxygen n．氧

[联想] 常见气体小结

①carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 ②nitrogen 氮 ③hydrogen 氢

二、这样记短语

记牢固定短语 多积常用词块 1.according_to 根据 2.in__time 及时；终于

3.cool_down 冷却下来；变凉

4.be_fundamental_to 对……(来说)是基本的 5.lay_eggs 下蛋

6.give_birth_to 产生；分娩 7.in_one's_turn 轮到某人；接着 8.prevent_...from_... 阻止；制止 1.solar system 2.begin with 从……开始；起源于 3.in all directions 朝四面八方 4.a cloud of dust 一团尘埃 5.a chain reaction 连锁反应

6.as well as 也；还；与……一样好 7.as a result of 由于……结果 8.depend on 取决于；依靠 三、这样记句式

先背熟 再悟通 后仿用

1.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 太阳系 billion years ago ...

随后它变成什么没人确定，直到45～38亿年前…… what引导主语从句并在从句中作主语。 What_I_want_to_say is that I have already been a volunteer for the 13th National Games.(2017?天津高考书面表达)

我想说的是我已经成为第十三届全运会的志愿者。

2.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 地球(开始)变得如此激烈动荡，以至于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。 so ...that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 He worked so_hard_that he made great progress.

他学习如此努力以至于他取得了巨大进步。

3.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

这就产生了一个连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。 “make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”复合结构。 George made_it_clear_that he disagreed. 乔治明确表示他不同意。

4.So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.

所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。 第一个whether引导主语从句。 Whether_we_will_hold_a_meeting hasn't been decided. 我们还没有决定是否要开一个会。

1．(教材P25)The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.

地球(开始)变得如此激烈动荡，以至于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。 violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 (1)a violent attack/storm 猛烈的攻击/暴风骤雨 (2)violently adv. 猛烈地；凶猛地 violence n. 暴力；暴行；激情 with violence 猛烈地；强有力地 take ...by violence 强夺……

①He was caught in a violent storm yesterday. 他昨天碰上了暴风雨。

②The wind blew violently (violent) and the climbers had to give up. 风刮得很猛，登山队员们不得不放弃。

③The young man was charged with robbery with violence. 这个年轻人被指控暴力抢劫。

[语境串记] Tom was in violent pain.As a result, he behaved violently and treated everything with violence.

汤姆处于极度痛苦之中，因此他表现得很粗暴，一切都以暴力对待。

2．(教材P25～26)They were in time to produce carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases, which were to make the earth's atmosphere.

它们最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。 in time 及时；终于；迟早

(1)in time作“终于；迟早”讲时，常单独使用，作状语。 (2)in time作“及时”讲时，后常跟for sth.或to do sth.。 ①You will succeed in time as long as you don't give up. 只要不放弃，你总有一天会成功。

②The doctor came in time to_save (save) his life. 医生及时赶到并抢救了他的生命。

③Lucky for him, he was just in time for the bus. 幸运的是，他及时赶上了公共汽车。 [联想发散] time 相关短语荟萃： ①from time to time 有时；偶尔 ②at a time 每次 ③in no time 立刻；马上 ④at the same time 同时 ⑤at one time 一度；从前 ⑥at no time 绝不(置于句首时，句子常用部分倒装语序)

3．(教材P26)What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.

很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。

harmful adj.有害的

(1)be harmful to ... 对……有害 (2)harm n．& vt. 伤害；损害

do harm to sb.＝ do sb.harm 对某人有害 (3)harmless adj. 无害的

①Your smoking can be harmful to the health of your children. 你吸烟会对孩子的健康有害。

②We all know that drinking too much does_harm_to your health. 众所周知，过量饮酒对你的身体有害。

③The medicine is harmful to children but harmless (harm) to adults. 这种药对儿童有害，却对成年人没有什么害处。

[语境串记] This object gives off harmful gases which may do harm to our health.You must make the object harmless before you use it.

此物会散发出有害气体，这些气体可能会损害我们的健康，你必须在使用它之前使它无害。 4．(教材P26)They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years. 它们也生蛋，在地球上存在了1亿4千多万年。 exist vi.存在；生存

(1)exist in 存在于……中 exist on 靠……生活/生存 There exists ... 存在……；有…… (2)existence n. 存在；生活 in existence 现存的；现有的 …… 此处隐藏：1883字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……