英语词汇学实用教程 陈新仁 课后答案

英语词汇学实用教程 陈新仁 课后答案

A word of warning: Not all the keys provided here are correct. Use your brains!!! Unit 1 pp. 9-16

P.9 Check Your Understanding: a-d: F e. T

In-Class Activities 1 … f. they’re porcing.

a. Something he would talk about

b. things that are said, contrasted with things that are done c. the promise one has made d. spoken command or signal e. information

f. piece of news; message P10 2. (1) five criteria:

Potential pause: The pause , which happens when you say a sentence, will tend to fall between words, and not within words.

Inpisibility: The extra items will be added between the words and not within them.

Minimal free forms: the smallest units of speech that can meaningfully stand on their own.

Phonetic boundaries: It is sometimes possible to tell from the sound of a word where it begins or ends. Semantic units: each word in a sentence has a clear meaning.

(2) Do you think these criteria are questionable in any way? Can they be applied to the identification of zi, the rough

Chinese equivalent of the English “word”?

No, as the above analysis explained. No, they cannot. For example, 流连and 蹒跚 are danchuci (单纯词) which cannot be analyzed independently. P11 3. (1)

Suppose we want to know what are the ten most frequently used English words. What are they, as far as you can tell? How about Chinese?

The, of, to, and, a, in, is, it, you, that

的、一、是、在、了、不、和、有、大、着

3. (2)

They are basically functional words. possessive words (of, 的) number words (a,一) copula words (is, 是)

conjunctions (and, 和) and localizers (in, 在);

English has the definite article the and several pronouns, you, that and it which are absent in Chinese. 4. words are arbitrary (i.e. not motivated)

onomatopoeic words “sl-” is highly suggestive of the meaning of the words that contain it, such as “slide”, “slip”, and “slush”.

(1) Babble, bang, grunt, splash; 噼啪、嗡嗡、滴滴哒、吱嘎吱

No, these words are only a small part of English or Chinese vocabulary

(2) Football and handball concern the body part which kick/pass the ball from one place to another, and basketball is

named after a basket into which the ball is put.

(3) People have bodily embedded knowledge to infer these motivations of such usage. The first example concerns the

metaphor and second metonymy.

(4) Some figurative usages are also highly motivated. For example: Necessity is the mother of invention.

英语词汇学实用教程 陈新仁 课后答案

5. British English (BE for short) and American English (AE for short) P13

(1) half, advance, advantage, after, answer, ask, glance, glass, grasp

(2) grammatical differences: In American English we say “graduate from school”; while in British English, we say “leave school”. In American English, it has “put up price”, while in British English, it is “raise price” (3) distinctive spellings:

For Chinese characters “博览会”, British English has “fair” while American English users trade show. “Lift and elevator” , and “autumn and fall” are more examples. (4) same words with different meanings: one billion/ first floor/ pants one billion

(Brit) the number 1000000000000 万亿之数 (US) the number 1000000000十亿之数 first floor

In British English the floor of a building at street level is the ground floor and the floor above that is the first floor. In US English the street-level floor is the first floor and the one above is the second floor pants

(Brit) men's underpants; women's or children's knickers (US) trousers

6. Barack Obama s choice of words

(1) Empathy means identification with and understanding of another's situation, feelings.

The ability to stand in somebody else’s shoes

Sympathy is defined as feeling of pity and sorrow (for sb.)

(2) Hope, according to Obama, is that something better is waiting for us if we re willing to work for it and fight for it, if we are willing to believe. He differentiates hope from what is blind optimism or willful ignorance of the problems we face

(3) “As fathers and parents”, why not as fathers and mothers: Open to discussion

Post-Class Tasks

” in the sentence “The word is that he's left the country. (据说他已经离开这个国家了).” But actually, we will not write the sentence, esp., say the sentence in daily conversations. By this example, we show that receptive lexical knowledge concerns what you learned and productive lexical knowledge concerns what you would put into practice. Reading vocabulary may be the largest type of vocabulary, because you may recognize the meaning of a word without using it in daily exchanges or in academic writing.

3. No, lexical competence covers a larger scope that that of productive lexical knowledge. 4. underline word equivalents

英语词汇学实用教程 陈新仁 课后答案

Language is composed of not just inpidual words, but also word equivalents, such as word groups (or compound words), chunks such as idioms, formulaic sequences, and so. The latter is attracting more and more scholarly attention these days. Thus, lexicology is more precisely defined as Unit 2 pp. 24 -29

Check Your Understanding: a-e. F In-Class Activities 1.

(1) S is pronounced as [s] [z and [iz]] when it is respectively attached to a voiceless consonant, a voiced consonant or a vowel, and any words ending with s, z or pronouncing as [s] or [z].

(2) Yes, for example, the plural form of sheep remains unchanged, and man has its plural form realized as “men”. (3) The usual allomorphs of the morpheme of the past tense may be realized as [t], [d] and [id] 2. prefixes of negation: a-, un-, in- (ir-, il-), dis-, mis-, non-, de- symmetry→asymmetry partial →imparti …… 此处隐藏：33427字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……