Emily Dickinson I died for beauty but was scarce

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

Emily Dickinson

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

I Died for Beauty, but was ScarceBy Emily DickinsonI died for beauty, but was scarce Adjusted in the tomb, When one who died for truth was lain In an adjoining room. He questioned softly why I failed? "For beauty," I replied. "And I for truth, -the two are one; We brethren are," he said. And so, as kinsmen met a night, We talked between the rooms, Until the moss had reached our lips, And covered up our names.

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

Form This poem follows many of Dickinson’s typical formal patterns—the ABCB rhyme scheme, the rhythmic[ r ðm k] use of the dash to interrupt the flow— but has a more regular meter, so that the first and third lines in each stanza are iambic tetrameter[t træm t ]四音步句 , while the second and fourth lines are iambic trimeter三音步, creating a four-three-four-three stress pattern in each stanza.

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

CommentaryThis bizarre怪诞的，古怪的, allegorical讽喻的，寓言的 death fantasy recalls Keats (“Beauty is Truth, Truth Beauty,” from Ode on a Grecian Urn), but its manner of presentation belongs uniquely to Dickinson. In this short lyric, Dickinson manages to include a sense of the ①macabre[m k ɑ:br( )]恐怖的；毛骨悚然的 physicality 肉体性of death (“Until the Moss had reached our lips—”), ②the high idealism of martyrdom[ m ɑ:t d m]殉难; 殉道(“I died for Beauty. . . One who died for Truth”), ③a certain kind of romantic yearning combined with longing for Platonic companionship (“And so, as Kinsmen, met a Night—”), and ④an optimism about the afterlife (it would be nice to have a like-minded friend) with barely sublimated 使纯化，使净化；使高尚化，使理想化terror about the fact of death (it would be horrible to lie in the cemetery having a conversation through the walls of a tomb).

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

As the poem progresses, the high idealism and yearning for companionship gradually give way to mute, cold death, as the moss creeps up the speaker’s corpse and her headstone, obliterating both her capacity to speak (covering her lips) and her identity (covering her name). The ultimate effect of this poem is to show that every aspect of human life—ideals, human feelings, identity itself—is erased by death. But by making the erasure gradual— something to be “adjusted” to in the tomb—and by portraying a speaker who is untroubled by her own grim state, Dickinson creates a scene that is, by turns, grotesque怪诞的, 荒诞不经的, 荒唐的and compelling, frightening and comforting. It is one of her most singular statements about death, and like so many of Dickinson’s poems, it has no parallels in the work of any other writer.

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

analysisBoth speakers die "for" either beauty or truth. The primary meaning of "for" is "in the cause of." It has a secondary meaning, which is "to achieve" or "to have as a goal." Which meaning is appropriate here, or can both be meant?

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

Dickinson associates beauty and truth in this poem. The speakers' deat

hs are described in parallel language; they are buried in "adjoining" rooms and are "brethren" and "kinsmen." These descriptions also make clear that they are not identical; otherwise they would be buried in the same room and be twins.

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

The ending is subtly prepared for with the question "why I failed?" The crucial word is "failed," rather than "died." Their deaths and any hopes of succeeding in their goals are futile. The moss covers their lips and their names on the grave marker; death has ended all communication and effectiveness. With this image Dickinson shows the powerlessness of the human condition and the relentless indifference of nature to human beings, who are obliterated at death. The speakers are never named; they are anonymous. Is it ironic that the only life in the poem is the moss?

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

Ode on a Grecian Urn5 O Attic shape! fair attitude! with brede Of marble men and maidens overwrought, With forest branches and the trodden weed; Thou, silent form! dost tease us out of thought As doth eternity: Cold Pastoral! When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain, in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man, to whom thou say'st, 'Beauty is truth, truth beauty,—that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

Platonic [pl t n k]adjective of or associated with the Greek philosopher Plato or his ideas 柏拉图的；柏拉图思想的 ■(platonic)(of love or friendship) intimate and affectionate but not sexual. (爱情，友谊)柏拉图式的，亲热而不涉及性的 their relationship is purely platonic. 他们的关系是纯粹柏拉图式的。 ■(platonic)confined to words, theories, or ideals, and not leading to practical action. 空谈的，理论上的，理想的，不实际的

Platonic love (Latin: amor platonicus)is a deep and spiritual connection between two inpiduals: within such a relationship there does not exist any form of sexual connection or sexual elements."

介绍Emily Dickinson的诗歌I died for beauty but was scarce英国文学诗歌

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