高级英语（张汉熙）资料(14)

高级英语（张汉熙）第二册 课文翻译与课后习题答案

“你是说??”我问道。

“草率结论，”她重复了一遍。“你怎么能凭我们仅有的五次约会就说我们俩很相配呢?”

我咯咯一笑，觉得挺有意思。这可爱的小家伙功课学得可真不错。“亲爱的，”我耐心地拍打着她的手说，“五次约会就不少了，毕竟你不必把整个蛋糕吃下去才知道蛋糕的甜味。”

“错误类比，”波利敏捷地说。“我可不是蛋糕，我是个女孩子。”我微微一笑，但这次不感到那么有意思了。这可爱的孩子功课或许是学得太好了。我决定改变策略。显然，最好的办法就是态度明朗，直接了当地向她表示爱。我沉默了一会儿，用我特别发达的脑袋挑选着合适的词句。然后我便开始说：

“波利，我爱你。对我来说，你就是整个世界，是月亮，是星星，是整个宇宙。我亲爱的，请说你爱我吧。如果你不这样，我的生活就失去意义了。我将会萎靡不振，茶不饮，饭不思，到处游荡，成为一个步履蹒跚、双眼凹下的躯壳。”

我交叉着双手站在那里，心想这下子可打动了她。

“文不对题，”波利说。

我咬咬牙。我不是皮格马利翁，我是弗兰肯斯坦，我的喉咙似乎一下子让魔鬼卡住了。我极力地控制涌上心头的阵阵痛楚。无论怎样，我电要保持冷静。

“好了，波利，”我强装着笑脸说，“这些谬误你的确已学到家了。”

“这可说得很对，”她使劲地点了点头说道。

“可是波利，这一切是谁教给你的?”

“你教的嘛。”

“是的，那你得感谢我呀。是吗，亲爱的?要是我不和你在一起，你永远也不会学到这些谬误的”。

“与事实相反的假设，”波利不加思索地说着。

我摔掉了额前的汗珠。“波利，”我用嘶哑的声音说道，“你不要死板地接受这些东西。我是说那只是课堂上讲的东西。你知道学校学的东西与现实生活毫不相关。”

“绝对判断，”她说道，嬉戏地向我摇摇指头。

这一下可使我恼火了。我猛地跳了起来，像公牛似地吼叫着，“你到底想不想跟我相爱?”

“我不想，”她答道。

“为什么不想?”我追问着。

“因为今天下午我答应了皮蒂伯奇，我愿意和他相爱。”

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高级英语（张汉熙）第二册 课文翻译与课后习题答案

我被皮蒂这一无耻的行径气得一阵晕眩，情不自禁地向后退去。皮蒂答应了我，跟我成了交，还跟我握了手呢!“这个可耻的家伙!”我尖着嗓子大叫，把一块块草皮踢了起来。“你不能跟他在一起，波利。他是一个说谎的人，一个骗子，一个可耻的家伙!”

“井下放毒，”波利说。“别叫嚷了，我认为大声叫嚷就是一种谬误。”

我以极大的意志力把语气缓和下来。“好吧，”我说，“你是一个逻辑学家。那就让我们从逻辑上来分析这件事吧。你怎么会看得中皮蒂，而看不起我呢?你瞧我一个才华横溢的学生，一个了不起的知识分子，一个前途无量的人；而皮蒂——一个笨蛋，一个反复无常的人，一个吃了上顿不知有没有下顿的家伙。你能给我一个合乎逻辑的理由来说明你为什么要跟皮蒂好吗?”

“当然能，”波利肯定地说。“他有一件浣熊皮大衣。”

(选自詹姆斯K贝尔与艾德里安A科恩 《明．代．修辞方式》)

习题全解

Ⅰ．Ruskin：John Ruskin(1819—1900)，English critic and social theorist，was the virtual dictator of artistic opinion in England during the mid-19th century. Ruskin attended Oxford from 1836 to 1840 and won the Newdigate Prize for poetry. In 1843 appeared the first volume of Modern Painters. This work elaborates the principles that art is based on national and individual integrity and morality and also that art is a \same theories to architecture. About 1857, Ruskin?s art criticism became more broadly social and political. In his works he attacked bourgeois England and charged that modern art reflected the ugliness and waste of modern industry. Ruskin r s positive program for social reform appeared in Sesame and Lilies (1865), The Crown of Wild Olive (1866), Time and Tide (1867), and Fors Clavigera (8 vols. , 1871-- 1884). Many of his suggested programs--old age pensions, nationalization of education, organization of labor--have become accepted doctrine.

Ⅱ . 1. The writer humorously uses words like \be bad, or else he would not have written nor would it have been published. Max Shulman is well-known for his humor.

2. The purpose of this essay, according to the writer, is to demonstrate that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic subject, is a living, breathing :thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma. Logic may be an interesting subject, but it is definitely not a living, breathing, full of beauty, passion and trauma. The writer is exaggerating for the sake of humor.

3. The narrator considers Petey Burch dumb as an ox because he thinks Petey to be unintelligent, an emotional and impressionable type of person. However, Peteyr s worst fault is that he is a faddist, he is swept up in every new craze that comes along.

4. He decided to teach Polly Espy logic because he wanted not only a beautiful wife but also an intelligent one. The narrator wanted a wife who would help to further his career as a lawyer. He found Polly had all the necessary qualities except intelligence. This he decided to remedy by teaching her logic. He succeeded only too well for in the end Polly refused to go steady with him and employed all the \been taught to reject his offer.

5. (1) The fallacy of accident is committed by an argument that applies a general rule to a particular case in which some special circumstances (\

(2) The converse fallacy of accident argues improperly from a special case to a general rule. The fact that a certain drug is beneficial to some sick persons does not imply that it is beneficial to all men. This is the fallacy of \

(3) The fallacy of irrelevant conclusion is committed when the conclusion changes the point that is at issue in the premises. Special cases of irrelevant conclusion are presented by the so- called fallacies of relevance. These include: (a) the argu- ment \the man\attack on a person who holds some thesis, instead of offering grounds showing why what he says is false; (b) the argument \(an appeal to \athy for him. (4)The fallacy of circular argument or \ion that is to be demonstrated (example :\cause mislocates the cause of one phenomenon in another that is only seemingly related. The most c …… 此处隐藏：4761字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……