高考英语二轮复习方案专题限时集训（新课标 湖南专用）22 史地自(3)

1．B 写作意图题。由文章第一段的“Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B项。

2. C 细节理解题。从第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛是attractive；由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C项。

3．B 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可以得知“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选B项。

4．A 细节理解题。由最后一段的“Unfortunately，the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.”看出，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A项。

5．A 推理判断题。文章最后告诉我们：Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.也就是说，瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A项。

(二)

【要点综述】 本文主要论述的是恐惧是人类和动物常见的一种现象，有时恐惧是一件好事。动物对于恐惧的反应是不同的，有些反应方式甚至超乎人们的想象。

1．D 推理判断题。根据“…because fear makes you do things that keep you alive.”可知D项正确。

2．A 细节理解题。根据“If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule.”和“Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them，too.”可知，它们在孵化期间害怕蛇的攻击，在水里害怕被其他动物吃掉。故选A项。

3．C 细节理解题。根据“If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule.As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.”可知，因为对它们有威胁的蛇不会游泳，所以提前孵化出来，掉到水里，蝌蚪就能够逃离蛇的攻击了。故选C项。

4．D 主旨大意题。文章通过举例说明害怕是一件好事。故选D项。

5．C 篇章结构题。根据“Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect.The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs.”可知，既然这是举例，有了第一个例子，那么它的后面还会有例子。故选C项。

(三)

【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了环境友好型的雨水花园是如何运作的。

1．B 细节理解题。由第四段第一句“What's more, planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.”可知，雨水花园不会增加污染，故B项有误。由第一段“Besides containing attractive flowers, trees and other plants that beautify the community, eco-friendly rain gardens(雨水花园) are healthy for the environment and the people living and

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working nearby.”可知，雨水花园可以美化社区、改善环境以及对居住环境有益，为环境友好型花园，故A、C、D三项正确。

2．B 细节理解题。由第四段第一句“What's more, planting a rain garden helps reduce pollution and improve the environment.”可知，雨水花园可以帮助减少污染。

3．D 细节理解题。由第五段第一、二句“Native plants are recommended for rain gardens because they are more used to the local climate, soil, and water conditions.”可知，建议种本地的植物是因为本地的植物更适应本地的环境。

4．B 细节理解题。由第五段第三句“Water your rain garden immediately after planting and once a week, unless you have had at least an inch of rain during the week.”可知，雨水花园需要一个星期一英寸的雨水。

5．A 推理判断题。由本文最后一句“As long as you're eco-conscious homeowners, you

can help the environment by building smaller rain gardens in your yards.”可知本文主要是写给房主的。

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