2012届高考英语 考前冲刺精选完形和写作指导(DOC)(3)

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〔解析〕我们可以看出,四个选项都能与read 搭配，但是老师读给全体同学们听，通过常识我们知道，他的声音一定很高，因此得出本题答案为A。 （5） 利用暗示和对应解题

高考完形填空题，虽然也穿插了对语法、短语和词的辨析、句子结构的考查等，但对文章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空最关键的思维方式。 【例】

Mr. Adamson enjoys playing the violin in his spare time. He is often carried away by his own 1 . But it is a 2 time for his neighbors when Mr. Adamson plays as he does so badly.

One day Mr. Adamson sat by a 3 and began to play the violin as usual. Mr. Adamson seemed to be making 4 instead of music. But he was so 5 that he almost forgot what he was doing. Just then, some stones were thrown out of the window under which Mr. Adamson was sitting...

1. A. violin B. music C. neighbors D. hands

2. A. terrible B. useless C. wonderful D. long

3. A. house B. door C. window D. wall

4. A. sound B. something C. noises D. voices

5. A. angry B. excited C. comfortable D. disappeared

〔解析〕先不要急于下手，应通过上下文找出相关的暗示。如原文中的划线部分均是有用的暗示。as he does so badly暗示他的音乐令邻居很痛苦，故第2空应选A；carried away by his own...暗示他总是自我陶醉，故第5空答案为B；instead of music 表明他弹出的不是音乐，而是noises，因为它使邻居terrible，故推出1、4两空的答案分别为B、C。而the window暗示了第3空的答案为C。 (6) 利用排除法解题

解答完形填空题需要考生进行认真的阅读、理解、推理和判断，需要对四个选项进行仔细的辨别、分析，从而去伪存真。有时我们会遇到这样的情况，对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白， 但发现其他选项有显而易见的谬误。这时，我们可以尝试着用排除法。所谓排除法就是将干扰项逐项检查、验证，发现错误的选项立即剔除。随着选择范围的缩小，选中正确选项的机率逐渐增大。排除法如果运用得好，可以大大节省时间和精力。 【例】Should the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket, or turned over to the policeman? Should the 47 change received at the store be forgotten or returned? Nobody will know except you. But you have to live with yourself, and it is always better to live with someone you respect. (NMET 1996)

47. A. extra B. small C. some D. necessary

〔解析〕本题主要考查形容词的辨义。这篇短文中作者列举几个事例来说明我们每天都会做personal decisions。本空缺就是一例：在商店购物时多找的change（即extra change）应当如何处理？如果对extra的用法和意义掌握不好，可用排除法选出正确答案。其中选项C、D与命题明显不符，所以容易排除。选项B干扰性极强，考生需认真考虑。small change意

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思是“零钱”，买东西找回零钱，为什么要忘记forgotten 或归还returned呢？明显逻辑不通，所以此处用small意思不妥，我们可以把B项排除。那么剩下的选项A自然就是本题的正确答案。故答案为A。

（7） 利用排比结构解题

“排比结构”指的是结构相同或相似，意思密切关联，语法一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。排比结构的形式整齐匀称，内容联系紧密。试题命制者常从排比结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其表现意义的关联或对比这一特点来设空。

【例】 Many people now think that teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is 51 for children to work at home in their free time. 52 , they argue that most teachers do not 53 plan the homework tasks they give to pupils. (2003春上海试题)

51. A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. unfortunate D. unimportant

52. A. Nevertheless B. However C. Therefore D. Moreover

53. A. considerably B. favorably C. properly D. pleasantly

〔解析〕该排比结构由Many people think that...They say that...they argue that...所组成。在意义上表现了人们（学生家长）对学生课业负担过重的抱怨。该结构中所设置的三个空格的正确填入，要求考生首先把握结构所体现的“主题” —— 抱怨作业太多。其次，要求考生理解三句之间在表达意义上的递进关系。即：作业过多“too much homework”；所以，课余学生在家做作业是没必要的“unnecessary”；不仅如此，教师对作业的设计也不合适“not properly”。故答案分别为A，D，C。 （8） 利用词汇复现解题

完形填空试题中，某一词常常以原词、同义词或近义词、概括词以及其它形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。 【例】

And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o’clock three days from that day...

Since he was 44 in three days, Andy didn’t lose anytime. (2003全国春季题)

44. A. moving B. returning C. staying D. leaving

〔解析〕我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索——上文的复现词汇leaving。故答案为D。

（9）利用对比结构解题

对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。 【例】A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. (2003春季上海试题) 59. A. furnished B.

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expensive C. comfortable D. suitable 〔解析〕 该题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。

（10） 利用作者对人物或事情的褒贬性排除干扰

第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定性的作用。