小型化微带天线的研究

小型化微带天线

摘要

摘要

近年来 ，随着个人通讯和移动通讯技术的迅速发展，在天线的设计上提出了小型化和宽频带的要求。而微带天线具有结构紧凑、外观优美、体积小重量轻.等优点，得到广泛的应用。但是，低增益、窄带宽的缺陷也限制了微带天线的使用。因此本文对微带天线最基本的小型化技术、宽频带技术进行了探讨、分析和归纳。在设计过程中，采用ANSOFT公司的电磁仿真软件——Ansoft HFSS，结合宽频带的设计方法，提出了一些简单的微带天线结构。

关键词：微带天线 宽频带 小型化

小型化微带天线

Abstract

Abstract

In recent years, the demand form miniaturization, multiband and broadband has been presented with rapid development of mobile communications. Therefore, the size of the antenna is required to be as small as possible.Microstrip antennas have several advantages over conventional monopole-like antenna for mobile handsets. They are less prone to damage, compact in total size and aesthetic from the appearance point of view. Unfortunately, some shortcomings of Microstrip antennas such as low gain, small bandwidth, etc, make them unfit for practical application. Therefore this paper, the basic microstrip antenna miniaturization technologies, broadband technologies are discussed, analyzed and summarized.During the design process, The use of electromagnetic simulation software of ANSOFT company—Ansoft HFSS，Made a number of simple microstrip antenna structure combination of broad-band design method.

Keywords: Microstrip antenna ， Broadband ， Smaller

小型化微带天线

目录 i

目录

第一章 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 微带天线简介 ............................................................................................................................ 1

1.2 国内外研究微带天线的宽频带技术 ........................................................................................ 2

1.3 微带天线小型化方法 ................................................................................................................ 3

1.4 本文主要内容 ............................................................................................................................ 3

第二章 微带天线基本理论及分析方法 ................................................................................................... 5

2.1 微带天线简介 ............................................................................................................................ 5

2.2 微带天线的优缺点与应用 ........................................................................................................ 6

2.3 微带天线的结构和分析方法 .................................................................................................... 8

2.4 微带天线的结构 ........................................................................................................................ 8

2.4.1 微带天线的辐射结构 ....................................................................................................... 8

2.4.2 微带天线的馈电结构 ..................................................................................................... 11

2.5微带天线的分析方法 ................................................................................................................. 14

2.5.1 解析方法 ......................................................................................................................... 14

2.5.2 数值方法 ......................................................................................................................... 15

第三章 微带天线的小型化及宽频带技术 ............................................................................................. 17

3.1 微带天线的小型化技术 .......................................................................................................... 17

3.1.1 概述 ............................................................................................................................... 17

3.1.2 微带天线小型化方法 ................................................................................................... 18

3.1.3 微带天线的小型化设计与分析 ................................................................................... 21

3. 2 微带天线宽频带技术 ............................................................................................................. 26

3.2.1 概述 ............................................................................................................................... 26

3.2.2 选择合适的介质基片与贴片 ....................................................................................... 27

3.2.3 阻抗匹配技术 ............................................................................................................... 28

3.2.4 电阻性加载技术 ........................................................................................................... 29

3.2.5 多模技术 ....................................................................................................................... 30

3.2.6 在贴片或接地板上 ― 开窗”的办法 ......................................................................... 31

第四章 微带天线的宽频带设计 ........................................................................................................... 33

第五章 结束语 ....................................................................................................................................... 37

致谢 ........................................................................................................................................................... 39

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