2013年中考英语语法第12讲 从句综合讲解

状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句

如何判断何种从句

从句的时态

从句的连接词与扩展

经典单选、从句与选词、长句子分析

从句类型

指引词

例句

状语从句

宾语(表语) 从句 定语从句

没有(所 1We will go hiking if tomorrow is fine. 以可前置) 2When the UFO arrived, what was you doing? 动词或词 1Please tell me what you did last night. 组 2I am interested in what she likes. 名词/代 1 the girl who he loved deeply married last year. 词

定语从句

定语从句的时态完全根据具体时间要求1. I meet a friend who I made in Shanghai. 2. It is the right book that I have looked for.

主句现在类，从句无要求； 主句过去类；从句过去类 宾语从句 1. I knew what he was. 2. I know what he was. 3. I know what he is. 同时出现类型： 时间 状语从句

都没有出现类型：

一前一后出现类型：

前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主 从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型， 每种句型分别对应独特的句式

过去配过去

What were you doing when the UFO arrived?现在配现在

What are you doing when the UFO arrives?过去配过去 I would leave if he came. I will leave if he comes.

现在配现在

The train had been away when I arrived.

前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主 从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型， 每种句型分别对应独特的句式

过去类：….过去进行 when 一般过去 现在类：…现在进行… when 一般现在过去类：过去将来 when 一般过去 现在类：一般将来when 一般现在 过去完成 when 一般过去

You are copying when I teach You were copying when I taught I will leave as soon as he arrives I would leave as soon as he arrived The train had left before I arrived at the station After the train had left, I arrived

词 what when which who whom where whose why how that while

状语从句 宾语从句 定语从句 Do _to do..

1、as 1、因为,可引导原因状语从句 (because/ since/ for/ as都 可引导原因状语从句) 例:As he wasn’t well, I went there along.因为他不舒服,我 自己去那儿了. 2、conj 同时强调 “一边…一边”, 可引导时间状语从句 (as/ when / while 的详细区别,见 when的讲解) 例:He song as he went alone.他边走边唱. 3、as soon as….一…就…,引导时间状语从句 例: He got on the train as soon as he got to the station.他一到车站 就登上了火车. 4、as…as…和…一样 例:He is as tall as his father. 他和 他的爸爸一样高 5、as if就象,常用于虚拟语气.例: She looks as if she were drunk.她看上去好象喝醉了.

是否-whether He wondered if the girl would appear. (宾语从句) 可能发生 (主将从现)如果 I will tell you if you

visit me. 不可能发生 (虚拟语气) I would study hard if I were you.

even if =though=although=even though即 使,连接让步状语从句 例: He improves himself in English little even if he studies hard.即使他学习很努力, 英语仍少见提高 as if 虚拟语气连接词.好像,活似 例: The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man.这个老人跑得很快好像 是个年轻人一样(as if引导的特殊虚拟语气. 主句正常时态 as if+ 主+过去时/were)

题: You will do much better __ you are more careful with your spelling. A if B before C although D unless 题:–Come and join us, Jimmy! -- I am sorry, but I am really busy now. if I __ time, I would certainly go. A. will have B. have had C. had D. have 解析:如果我现在有时间,我一定去,(表明我 现在没有时间,和现在相反,现在时的虚拟语 气)