智能家居红外传感器毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献

毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献

A Pyroelectric Infrared Sensor-based Indoor Location-Aware System for the Smart Home

Suk Lee, Member, IEEE, Kyoung Nam Ha, Kyung Chang Lee, Member, IEEE Abstract：Smart home is expected to offer various intelligent services by recognizing residents along with their life style and feelings. One of the key issues for realizing the smart home is how to detect the locations of residents. Currently, the research effort is focused on two approaches: terminal-based and non-terminal-based methods. The terminal -based method employs a type of device that should be carried by the resident while the non-terminal-based method requires no such device. This paper presents a novel non-terminal-based approach using an array of pyroelectric infrared sensors (PIR sensors) that can detect residents. The feasibility of the system is evaluated experimentally on a test bed.

Key words：smart home, location-based service, pyroelectric infrared sensor (PIR sensor), location-recognition algorithm

I. INTRODUCTION

There is a growing interest in smart home as a way to offer a convenient, comfortable, and safe residential environment [1], [2]. In general, the smart home aims to offer appropriate intelligent services to actively assist in the resident?s life such as housewor k, amusement, rest, and sleep. Hence, in order to enhance the resident?s convenience and safety, devices such as home appliances, multimedia appliances, and internet appliances should be connected via a home network system, as shown in Fig. 1, and they should be controlled or monitored remotely using a television (TV) or personal digital assistant (PDA) [3], [4].

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Fig. 1. Architecture of the home network system for smart home Especially, attention has been focused on location-based services as a way to offer high-quality intelligent services, while considering human factors such as pattern of living, health, and feelings of a resident [5]-[7]. That is, if the smart home can recognize the resident?s pattern of living or health, then home appliances should be able to anticipate the resident?s needs and offer appropriate intelligent service more actively. For example, in a passive service environment, the resident controls the operation of the HVAC (heating, ventilating, and air conditioning) system, while the smart home would control the temperature and humidity of a room according to the resident?s condition. Various indoor location-aware systems have been developed to recognize the resident?s location in the smart home or smart office. In general, indoor location-aware systems have been classified into three types according to the measurement technology: triangulation, scene analysis, and proximity methods [8]. The triangulation method uses multiple distances from multiple known points. Examples include Active Badges [9], Active Bats [10], and Easy Living [11], which use infrared sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and vision sensors, respectively. The scene analysis method examines a view from a particular vantage point. Representative examples of the scene analysis method are MotionStar [12], which uses a DC magnetic tracker, and RADAR [13], which uses IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (LAN). Finally, the proximity method measures nearness to a known set of points. An example of the proximity method is Smart Floor [14], which uses pressure sensors. Alternatively, indoor location-aware systems can be classified according to the need for a terminal that should be carried by the resident. Terminal-based methods, such as Active Bats, do not recognize the resident?s location directly, but perceive the location of a device carried by the resident, such as an infrared transceiver or radio frequency identification (RFID) tag. Therefore,

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it is impossible to recognize the resident?s location if he or she is not carrying the device. In contrast, non-terminal methods such as Easy Living and Smart Floor can find the resident?s location without such devices. However, Easy Living can be regarded to invade the resident?s privacy while the Smart Floor has difficulty with extendi bility and maintenance. This paper presents a non-terminal based location-aware system that uses an array of pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensors [15], [16]. The PIR sensors on the ceiling detect the presence of a resident and are laid out so that detection areas of adjacent sensors overlap. By combining the outputs of multiple PIR sensors, the system is able to locate a resident with a reasonable degree of accuracy. This system has inherent advantage of non-terminal based methods while avoiding privacy and extendibility, maintenance issues. In order to demonstrate its efficacy, an experimental test bed has been constructed, and the proposed system has been evaluated experimentally under various experimental conditions. This paper is organized into four sections, including this introduction. Section II presents the architecture of the PIR sensor-based indoor location-aware system (PILAS), and the location-recognition algorithm. Section III describes a resident-detection method using PIR sensors, and evaluates the performance of the system under various conditions using an experimental test bed. Finally, a summary and the conclusions are presented in Section IV.

II. ARCHITECTURE OF THE PIR SENSOR-BASED INDOOR

LOCATION-AWARE SYSTEM

A. Framework of the smart home

Given the indoor environment of the smart home, an indoor location-aware system must satisfy the following requirements. First, the location-aware system should be implemented at a relatively low cost because many sensors have to be installed in rooms of different sizes to detect the resident in the smart home. Second, sensor installation must be flexible because the shape of each room is different and there are obstacles such as home appliances and furniture, which prevent the normal operation of sensors. The third requ …… 此处隐藏：25267字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……