跨文化交际-文化碰撞(PPT2)

Intercultural CommunicationCultures in Contrast: Case Studies

Intercultural Communication

Cultures in Contrast: Case Studies

Lecture One Communication across Cultures Lecture Two Intercultural Perception

Lecture Three Intercultural Understanding Lecture Four Intercultural Adaptation

Lecture Two Intercultural Perception

Lead-in

What does culture perception mean? What factors will influence culture perception? How does culture influence each step of our perception?

Do you know what ethnocentrism mean?

CULTURE has a much greater effect on the perception process than on sensation itself. Human perception is usually thought of as a three-step process of selection, organization, and interpretation. Each of these steps is affected by culture.

I Warming-up ActivitiesSome years ago, several international businessmen were on a conference cruise when the ship began to sink. “Go tell those fellows to put on life jackets and jump overboard,” the captain directed his first mate. A few minutes later the first mate returned. “Those guys won’t jump,” he reported. “Take over,” the captain ordered, “and I’ll see what I can do.”

Returning moments later, he announced, “They’re gone.” “How’d you do it?” asked the first mate. “I told different things to different people. I told the Englishman it was the sporting thing to do, and he jumped. I told the Frenchman it was 1 ; the German that it was a command; the Italian that it was 2 ; the Russian that it was 3 ; so they all jumped overboard.” And how did you get the American to jump? “No problem,” said the captain, “I told him he was 4 !”

Questions1. The captain successfully persuaded every businessman to jump off board, but what he actually said to some of them is not given in the passage above. Can you decide to whom each of the following words was actually used by the captain? revolutionary forbidden chic insured 2. If there had been a Chinese businessman on board, what should the captain say in order to make him jump overboard?

3. What do you think of the story? Does it tell you something that is true of people of those different nations?

II Case Study

Case 1: North American Hospitality – Underdone

Case 1: North American Hospitality – UnderdoneShan Zhou is a well-established Chinese scholar in civil engineering. He had been co-operating with Paul, an American engineer on a large project. Paul had been to China twice for the project. Shan Zhou took very good care of him on each visit, arranging everything from accommodation to making sure that one or more of his students would go with him whenever he needed to do something. Frequently Shan Zhou invited Paul to home for meals or went to restaurants with him. He also made arrangements with some of his students to travel around the city with Paul, to help him with shopping, and to socialize with him. Paul was very grateful, but repeatedly told Shan Zhou that he cou

ld take care of himself. Yet Shan Zhou continued to be very attentive. Eventually, Shan Zhou went to the United States to work with Paul for half a year. Paul picked him up at the airport and took him directly to his temporary accommodations. Paul apologized that he had to go home to take care of his two children, and that he would take Shan Zhou for dinner some day.

Shan Zhou did not speak much English and it was his first visit to the States. He felt like a stranger and expected Paul to at least send his students to help him around, like what he had done for Paul in China. But that did not happen. Paul did take him out to a nice restaurant one evening, and invited him to his home once. Shan Zhou had expected more from Paul, especially after all the help he had given to Paul. He was very disappointed and hurt by Paul, thinking that Paul should at least return the favor he had done to him. Shan Zhou was so hurt that he said to a good friend that he would not take that much care of Paul any more if he went to China again. In fact, Shan Zhou was so upset that his working relationship with Paul suffered. Paul noticed the change but did not know where the tension came from.

II Case Study

Case 1: North American Hospitality – Underdone

- Chinese perspectiveThe Chinese are very hospitable people. They tend to take great care of their guests and try to help their guests with everything. They would feel bad if a guest had any complaint. On the other hand, they expect others to take care of them, too, when they become guests themselves. Although one may not spend as much time with one’s guest these days because of the increasingly hectic pace of life in China, one still tries to make sure that the guest is treated well. Shan Zhou did this by taking time himself to be with Paul and by asking his graduate students to help Paul. To the Chinese mind, one should return the same degree of hospitality and kindness if he/she has the opportunity to become the host. Otherwise, he/she would be thought as being ungrateful and even disrespectful. Shan Zhou felt that Paul’s treatment of him fell far short of the courtesy and kindness that he, Shan Zhou, had shown Paul. For Shan Zhou, Paul was not acting as a research partner, much less a good friend. He felt that Paul did not respect or value their friendship.

II Case Study

Case 1: North American Hospitality – Underdone

- Westerners’ perspectiveThe differences here are not whether one should feel gratitude towards a host for hospitality. Both cultures share this value. The misunderstanding is about the degree and form of hospitality expected. As a North American, Paul felt trapped by the excessive attention from Shan Zhou. While assistance got settled and translation would be expected and greatly appreciated, Paul would likely prefer time on his own in order to explore his new surroundings, to think, and to become comfortable in his new re …… 此处隐藏：6496字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……