打印9份105 106动词不定式

备考补充资料——不定式

动词不定式的构成 不定式的基本形式为“to+动词原形”，有时可以不用to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，这里的to是不定式符号，本身没有词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to)+动词原形。

（一） 动词不定式的句法功能

（1）作主语 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

动词不定式作主语时，常常用it作形式主语，放在句子的开头，把动词不定式放在谓语后面，但翻译时不必把it译出来。It is good to do some sports. 做运动是有益的。

（2）作表语 Your job is to study.

（3）作宾语 I like to watch TV. 常见词：

（4）作宾语补足语 I want you to tell me the story. 注：ask (tell) sbto do sth

常见词：ask 请求 ，tell 叫，want 想要，invite 邀请，order 命令。

例题：Aunt Li often asks her son_____too much meat. It’s bad for his health,

A. don’t eat B not to eat

注意：①一些动词不定式须省略to。

see sb. do sth. 是强调动作已经发生了; see sb. doing sth. 是

强调动作正在进行

如：I often hear/see him sing．我经常听见/看见他唱歌。I hear/see him singing.我听见/看见他正在唱歌。

Mother made me do my homework the whole night．妈妈让我整晚做作业。

② help后面的不定式可带to，也可不带to。如：I help my brother(to)study English．我帮助我弟学英语。

（5）作定语 He has a lot of homework to do today. 他今天有很多作业要做。

They have no house to live in.我们无房可住。

注意：不定式修饰something，anything，nothing时，放在它们的后面，如果something，anything，nothing

有形容词来修饰，词序是something，nothing…+形容词+不定式。如：

Have you got anything to say? 你有话要说吗？ I had something cold to drink．我喝冷饮了。 注意：动词不定式作定语.，需放在被修饰的名词和代词后。

（6）作状语: 不定式在不及物动词和某些形容词后作状语。如：

表目的：He went to America to learn English．他去美国学英语了。

表原因：I'm sorry to hear that．听到这件事我非常难过。

表结果：My little sister is too young to go to school.我的妹妹太小，不能上学。

（二）动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to)+动词原形。

I asked her not to watch TV that night.我叫她那天晚上不要看电视。

He decided not to go home.他决定不回家。

（三）疑问词+不定式：不定式可以和疑问代词who，what，which及疑问副词when，how，where连用构成不定式短语，在句中担当主语、宾语、表语等成分。如：The question is when to start．问题是什么时候开始。 What to do is an important problem．该做什么是很重要的问题。

I can't decide who/whom to invite．我决定不了请谁。

（四）want，wish，hope+不定式

①want (wish) to do sth．和want (wish) sb．to do sth．

两个句型意思不同，前者是主语希望做某事，后者是主语希望宾语做某事。

如： The children wanted to ask many questions．孩子们想问许多问题。

I want you all to think of a sentence with the word “repair”。

我想要你们所有人都想出个带有单词“repair”的句子。

② hope只有hope to do sth．句型，而没有hope sb．to do sth．句型，而wish可以加人。如：

I hope to see you soon．(正) 我希望不久会见到你。 I hope you to see me soon．(误)

（五选作）有些动词或词组后接动名词或不定式均可，但意义稍有差别。

1． remember doing sth．记得过去做过某事 remember to do sth．记着要去做某事

如：I remember seeing this film before．我记得以前看过这部电影。

I remember to see the film this evening．我记着今天晚上要去看电影。

2． forget doing sth．忘记曾做过某事 forget to do sth．忘记要去做某事

如：I forgot turning off the light when I left the room． 我忘了当我离开房间时是不是把灯关掉了。 I forgot to turn off the lights when l left the loom． 当我离开房间时，我忘记关灯了。

3． stop doing sth．停止正做的事情 stop to do sth．停止(正做的事情)去做另一件事

She stopped reading the story．她停止读那个故事了。

She stopped to read the story．她停下来去读故事。

4．go on doing sth．继续做某事。 go on to do sth．继续去做另一件事

After resting, we will go on doing that． 休息后，我们将继续做那件事。

After playing football，We will go on to play basketball． 我们踢完足球后．将继续去打篮球。

5. try doing sth．尝试着做…… try to do sth．设法去做……，努力去做……

如：They will try doing it in a new way．他们将用一种新的办法试做此事。

We are trying to learn English well．我们正努力地去学好英语。

6. regret doing sth．对做过的事后悔 regret to do sth．对未做的事表示后悔

如：I regret telling you the bad news．我后悔把这个坏消息告诉了你。

I regret to say I’m not able to help you finish it．我很抱歉我不能帮你做此事。

7. prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth．喜欢做某事而不喜欢做另一件事。如：

I prefer to learn English rather than play the piano on Sundays．

=I prefer learning English to playing the piano．

在周日我宁愿学习英语，也不愿去弹钢琴。

注意：有些动词后只接doing形式，不能接不定式形式。如：I also enjoy playing chess．我也喜欢象棋。 此类动词还有：finish，practise，enjoy，mind，dislike，be worth，be busy，have trouble / difficulty / problems in，spend，feel like，have fun等。

1. ---I remember______ you somewhere． ---Yes．We met in Hangzhou last year．

A．to meet B．meeting C．me D．meets

2. I’m sorry I forget______ your English textbook．

A．to bring B．bringing C．to take D．taking

3. ---Let's have a rest, shall we? ---Not now, I don't want to stop _____the letter yet．

A．write B．to write C．writing D．and write

4. We have worked for three hours. Now let’s stop ____ a rest.

A．had B．have C．to have D．having

5. The headmaster stopped_____ to me because there was a call for him．

A．talking B．to talk C．saying D．to say

6. Go on______ the other exercise after you have finished this one．

A．to do B．doing C．with D．to be doing

7. Even on holidays, he preferred ______ to _______.

A．working，do nothing B．working，doing nothing

C．to work，do nothing D．to work，doing nothing

动词不定式练习：

1. Is this house large enough for us _____?

A. living B living in C, to live D, to live in

2. He refused _____ the dinner.

A. to have attended B having attended C attending D to attend

3. You needn’t decide yet____.

A to help him or not B. helping him or not C whether to help him or not D if to help him.

1. The teacher told the students______ in class．

A．not talk B．don’t talk C．didn't talk D．not to talk

2. There are some dangerous fishes in this river, and I've warned Jack____ here．

A．not to swim B．to not swim C．swim not to D．to swim not

3. Tell him_____ be late for school.

A．not to B．doesn't C．to not

4. ---Cindy, what kind of school clubs do you want to join? ---Sorry, I don't know______ to join．

A．when B．where C．what D．which

5. The question is___ the meeting．

A．when to begin B．what to begin C．when begins D．how begin

6. Look! How heavy the rain is! You’d better_______．

A．don't go now B．stay here when it rains C．not leave until it stops D．not to leave at once

7. ---I usually go there by train． ---Why not____ by boat for a change?

A．to try going B．trying to go C．to try and go D．try going

8. All the children like Mr. White very much because he often makes them_______.

A．laughed B．1augh C．1aughing D．to laugh

9. The young lady watched her daughter______ a yo-yo yesterday afternoon．

A．to play with B．playing with C．to play D．plays

10. Will you please_____ drop your shoes.

A．not to B．don't C．not D．to not

12. Mrs. Lin has been in hospital for a week．All of us______ her to get well soon．

A．hope B．wish C．wanting D．wish for

13. I wanted him to clean the blackboard and ______the window．

A．to close to B．close C．closing D．closed

14. He walked_______ fast for us ______ catch up with．

A．so，that B．such，that C．enough，to D．too，to

15. The boy was too busy______ his father last term.

A．to hear from B．to write to C．hearing from D．write to

16. The sick woman is ______ weak _______ look after herself．

A．too，to B．so，that C．very，to D．so，to

17. The light in the room wasn’t _____ for me to read．

A．brightly enough B．enough brightly C．enough bright D．bright enough

18. It's important_____ the piano well．

A．of him to play B．for him to play C．of him playing D．for him playing

19. It's really nice______ you____ me to work it out．

A．of，help B．of，to help C．for，help D．for，to help

20. It's our turn_____ the classroom today．

A．cleaning B．when we clean C．that we clean D．to clean

2l. It took Li Ming an hour_______ his bike yesterday．

A．to repair B．repairing C．repaired D．repair

1．They kept the fire to keep them warm．

A. burn B. to burn C. burnt D. burning

2．Who’s the boy under the tree?

A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood

3．The girl students enjoy English songs．

A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sung

4．Thank you for ．

A. to teach B. teaches C. taught D. teaching

5．I often do some on Sundays．

A. washed B. to wash C. washing D. washes

6．It often takes me half an hour home．

A. walking B. to walk C. walked D. walks

7．Don’t forgether clean water every day．

A. to give B. giving C. given D. give

8．I think it important English well．

A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned

9．Every day I spend two hours ________ my homework.

A. finishing to do B. finishing doing C. to finish to do D . to finish doing

10．

A. sing B. singing C. sung D. to sing

11. Our teachers told us ．

A. to work B. working C. worked D. work

12. Could you tell me this word?

A. to how read B. how to read C. how read D. how read to

13. I don’t know .

A. when start B. when to start C. how to start D. how start

14. Please give me a pen .

A. to write B. writing C. to write with D. written

15. He went home some books.

A. got B. getting C. get D. to get

16. Remember late for class again.

A. no to B. not to be C. to be not D. be not to

17. I’m sorry I forgot ______ your English textbook.

A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking

18. Will you please let me ______ your new bike?

A. have look at B. have a look C. to have a look at D. have a look at

19. It’s very difficult ______ the old woman ______ skate.

A. of; do B. to; make C. for; to D. by; on

20. Mr. Brown was ______ for half an hour before dinner.

A. too tired to lie down B. very tired so he lain down

C. enough tired to lie down D. so tired that he lay down

21. Grandma couldn't keep up with me and I had to stop ______ her.

A. to wait for B. waiting for C. to waiting D. waited

22. Please give me some paper ______ .

A. to write B. to write on C. to write in D. write with it

23. ______ English well is not easy.

A. To learning B. To learn C. Learn D. For learning

24. His wife is all right again. He has nothing ______ .

A. worry about B. worried about C. to worry about D. worrying about

25. When he was a child, he tried to find ways ______ people ____ life more.

A. to help; enjoy B. help; to enjoy C. help; enjoying D. to be helped; to enjoy

26. Zhou Hua was the the classroom.

A. second to leave B. second leaving C. two to leave D. second leave

27. —Would you like with me ? —Yes, I’d _______.

A. to come; love to B. come; love to C. to come; love D. come; love

28. It’s our turn ______ the classroom today.

A. cleaning B. when we clean C. that we clean D. to clean

29. I have got no time ________ to your excuse.

A. to listen B. listen C. listening D. to hear

30. —I didn’t hear you come in last night. —That’s good. We tried ______ any noise.

A. not make B. not making C. to make not D. not to make

31. Do you know ______ cakes?

A. to how do B. how to do C. to how make D. how to make

32. It takes us a lot of time ______ the dirty house.

A. clean B. cleaned C. cleaning D. to clean

33. We have worked so hard all the morning. Let’s ______ a rest.

A. taking B. to take C. take D. took

35. Do you feel well enough ______ classes?

A. have B. to have C. having D. had

1. It’s a custom______ hands with people in the office every morning．

A．to shake B．shakes C．shaked D．shaking

2. Waving one's hand is_____ “Goodbye”．A．to say B．say C．said D．says

3. ---Your spoken English is much better．

---Thank you．My teacher often asks us____ English as_____ as possible．

A．to speak，many B．not to speak，much C．to speak，much D．not to speak，more

4. Although he was a child，he tried to find ways_______ people_______ life more．

A．to help，enjoy B．help，enjoy C．to help，enjoying D．help，enjoying

5. I hope____ a good job in a foreign company after I graduate_____ school.

A．to find，from B．finding，from C．to find，at D．finding，at

6. We think it a waste of time and money______ with the project．

A．going on B．goes on C．to go on D．to give up

7. She is a very nice girl______.

A．to work B．work with C．to work with D．work

8. I'm hungry．Get me something_______.

A．eat B．to eat C．eating D．for eating

9. My mother often asks me______ early．

A．get up B．got up C．getting up D．to get up

10. The old scientist encouraged everyone______ part in_____ the wild animals．

A．taking，to protect B．taking，protecting C．to take，to protect D．to take，protecting

11. The woman wants her daughter _____ English every morning.

A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read