2012年专插本历届真题试题及答案集2(3)

different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often referred to as“nature/nurture”.

Two who support the“nature”side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetic factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory . Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.

Proponents of the “nurture”theory, or as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists’ view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior.

Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.

51. Which of the following statements would supporters of the “nature”theory agree with? A. A person’s instincts have little effect on his actions.

B. Environment is important in determining a person’s behavior and personality. C. Biological reasons have a strong influence on how we act. D. The behaviorists’ view correctly explains how we act.

52. Which of the following statements would proponents of the “nurture”theory agree with? A. Environment has little to do with behavior. B. Behaviorist theory is not correct.

C. Biologically based instincts are important in how we act.

D. A person’s character is greatly influenced by his environment. 53. B. F. Skinner________. A. supports the nature theory

B. thinks the environment plays an important role in determining character C. believes instincts govern behavior

D. believes in the importance of genes in determining personality

54. Concerning the nature/nurture controversy, the writer of this article________. A. supports the nature theory B. supports the nurture theory

C. believes both are completely wrong

D. thinks that the correct explanation of human behavior will take ideas from both theories

55. In the U. S. , black people often score below white people on intelligence tests. With this in mind, which one of the following statements is not true?

A. Nature proponents would say that whites are genetically superior to black.

B. Nurture proponents would disagree that blacks are biologically inferior to whites.

C. Supporters of the nature theory would say that whites score well because they have a superior environment.

D. Behaviorists would say that blacks often lack the educational and environmental advantages that whites enjoy. Part III Cloze (10%)

There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage, and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

5

Large lecture classes are frequently regarded as a necessary evil. Such classes have to be 56 in many colleges and universities to meet high student 57 with limited faculty resources, 58 teaching a large lecture class can be a 59 task. Lecture halls are 60 large, barren, and foreboding. It is difficult to get to know students. Students may seem 61 in the impersonal environment and may 62 read newspapers or even leave class in the middle of a lecture. Written work by the students seems out of the 63 . Although the challenges of teaching a large lecture class are strong, they are possible to get over. The 64 is to develop innovative methods of classroom instruction that can 65 ,if not eliminate, many of the difficulties 66 in the mass class. In fact, we have 67 at Kent State University teaching techniques which help make a large lecture class more like a small 68 . An 69 but important benefit of teaching the course the course 70 this manner has involved the

activities of the teaching 71 who help us mark students’ written work. The faculty instructor originally decided to ask the TAs for help 72 this was the only practical way to 73 that all the papers could be evaluated. Now those 74 report enjoying their new status as’ junior professors, “gaining a very different 75 on college education by being on”the other side of the desk, “learning a great deal about the subject matter, and improving their own writing as a direct result of grading other students”paper. 56.A.made B. taken C. selected D. offered 57.A.request B. demand C. challenge D. requirement 58.A.and B. but C. although D. unless 59.A.competitive B. rewarding C. routine D. formidable 60.A.spaciously B. exceptionally C. typically D. unusually 61.A.interested B. delighted C. tired D. bored 62.A.frequently B. delightedly C. inevitably D. unexpectedly 63.A.class B. problem C. question D. answer 64.A.challenge B. difficulty C. problem D. solution 65.A.overcome B. reduce C. meet D. improve 66.A.injected B. integrate C. inherent D. inherited 67.A.introduced B. made C. practiced D. revised 68.A.seminar B. classroom C. discussion D. course 69.A.incredible B. obscure C. unanticipated D. inspiring 70.A.through B. at C. in D. by 71.A.students B. instructors C. professors D. assistants 72.A.so that B. although C. when D …… 此处隐藏：3820字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……