新概念英语第三册语法精粹：从句的使用(2)

An idea came to him that he might write to her to ask more information about the matter.

I got information from my friend that there will be a marvelous American movie \ V. 同位语从句与定语从句之区别：

简单记忆：定语从句的引导词 that 或 which在句子中用作主语或宾语，而同位语从句的引导词that只起连接主句和从句之作用，不用作任何成分。

示例：I've got an answer that A is right. (同位语从句，that 不做成分)

I've got an answer that surprised me a lot.（定语从句，that做定语从句的主语）

VI．王牌重点：能够充当同位语的词组或短语： 1）名词短语。（使句型更为简洁）

Bill Clinton, the president of America, came to China to pay an official visit in 1998.

Lu Xun, one of the greatest essayists in China, played an overwhelmingly important role in Chinese literature history. 2）动名词词组亦可用作同位语：别忘了加逗号。（使句型更为流畅） I'm crazy about the game, playing baseball. Going to concert, that sounds a great idea. 3）不定式短语。（陌生仅仅掌握的开始）

The problem what to do next remains unsolved.

Her claim to have finished his work is nothing but a white lie.

4）形容词词组。（有逗号隔开）

All the workers, young or old, should be treated equally. Young man, short or tall, should have the right to take the opportunity.

VII. 同位语的引导词。（重要！这是中高级写作中不可缺少的引导成分）

引导词用来表示同位语与它所说明的同位成分之间的关系：

1．namely, that it is, that is to say（也就是说）, in other words（换句话说）, or, for short 表示等同关系。

2．such as, say, so to speak（譬如说）, including（包括）,

for instance（或 for example (e.g. / eg），表示举例和列举关系。 3．especially, mostly, chiefly, or better, in particular, particularly表示突出重点，（在高难度阅读中表示后面的部分为更重要或更突出的部分，是出题的关键点。） 测试精编：

I. 选择准确选项：

1. ________ all behavior is learned behavior is a basic assumption of social scientists. A. Nearly B. That nearly C. It is nearly D. When nearly

2. The people at the party were worried about Janet because no one was aware ________ she had gone.

A. where that B. of where

C. of the place where D. the place

3. — Susan hasn't written us for a long time. — What do you suppose________ to her? A. that happened B. happened C. to happen D. having happened

4. — May I have the loan? ________ you offer good security. A. But B. Unless C. Provided D. But for

5. Gorillas are quiet animals, ________ they are able to make about twenty different sounds.

A. how B. in spite of C. because of D. even though

6. The little White House in warm springs was the Georgia home of President Franklin-D. Roosevelt ________ there on April 12, 1945.

A. who died B. died C. while died D. he died 7. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of ________ reality.

A. what it is conceived B. that is conceived

C. what is conceived to be D. that is being conceived of 8. Seeds usually germinate ________ the temperature is favorable.

A. if B. whereas C. as a result D. in consequences

9. Francis Preston Blair. Jr, ________ born in Kentucky, lived and practiced in Missouri.

A. was B. he was C. although D. who he was

10. ________, work songs often exhibit the song culture of a people in a fundamental form.

A. They occur where they are B. Occurring where C. Where they occur D. Where do they occur