中山大学研究生英语期末考试题2(3)

C. take the risks he has committed himself to

D. recognize that death is the reverse of life

24 The article says that a surgeon can triumph when he_____________.

A. performs a successful operation

B. triumphs over the body

C. removes a cancer

D. cuts out that which is life-destroying

6

25 Implied by the author, but not stated: “I have found peace as I _________.”

A. think about life and death

B. return to an army that fights death and cynicism

C. consider becoming a surgeon

D. recognize that life and hope can triumph if one fights for them

Passage 6 There is little question that substantial labor-market differences exist between men and women. Among the most researched difference is the male-female wage gap. Many different theories are used to explain why men earn more than women. One possible reason is based on the limited of married women(Robert Frank, 1978). Family mobility is a joint decision in which the needs of the husband and wife are balanced to maximize family welfare. Job-motivated relocations are generally made to benefit the primary earner in the family. This leads to a constrained job search for the secondary earner, as he or she must search for a job in a limited geographic area. Since the husband is still the primary wage earner in many families, the job search of the wife may suffer. Individuals who are tied to a certain area are labled tied-stayers , while secondary earners who move for the benefit of the family are labeled tied-movers (Jacob Mincer, 1978).

The wages of a tied-stayer or tied-mover may not be substantially lower if the family lives in or moves to a large city. If a large labor market has more cacancies, the wife may locate a wage offer near the maximum she would find with a nation-wide search. However, being a tied-stayer or tied-mover can lower the wife s wage if the family lives in or moves to a small community. A small labor market will reduce the likelihood of her finding a job that utilizes her skills. As a result she may accept a job for which she is overqualified and thus earn a lower wage. This hypothesized relationship between the likelihood of being overqualified and SMSA size is termed differential overqualification. Frank (1978) and Haim Ofek and Yesook Merrill(1994) provide support for the theory of differential overqualification by finding that the male-female wage gap is greater in smaller SMSA s. While the results are consistent with the existence of differential overqualification, they may also result from other situations as well. Firms in small labor market may use their monopsony power to keep wages down. Local demand shocks are found to be a major source of wage variation both across and within local labor market(Roberts Topel, 1986). Since large labor markets are generally more diversified, a demand shock can have a substantial impact on immobile workers in small labor markets. Another reason for examining differential overqualification involves the assumption that there are more vacancies in large labor markets. While there is little doubt that more vacancies exist in large labor markets, there are also likely to be more people searching for jobs in large labor markets. If the greater number of vacancies is offset by the larger number of searchers, it is unclear whether women will be more likely to be overqualified in small labor market. Instead of relying on wages to determine if differential overqualification exists, we consider an explicit form of overqualification based on education.

26 According to the author, the male-female wage gap ________.

7

27

28

29

30 A is justified B has important repercussions on family life C represents a sexist attitude toward women D is simply one of a considerable number of labor-market differences “Geographical mobility( Para. 1)” as used in the passage, refers to ________. A the way in which Americans tend to move from job to job B the penchant wage-earners have to maximize family welfare C the necessity to relocate in order to increase wages D all of the above The difference between a tied-stayer and a tied-mover is that ________. A the primary earner is forced to search for work in a specific area while the secondary earner is freer to roam about B the former is obliged to remain in an area while the latter is not C the former is the wife and the later is the husband D the latter s salary is of secondary importance to the former s salary With which of the following statements would the author agree? A The size of the labor market determines recompense. B The size of the labor market determines acquired skills utilization. C The size of the labor market determines the probability of matching skills with appropriate wage level. D All of the above. The names and dates between parentheses ________.

A refer to bibliographical entries

B explain who discussed what and when they discussed it

C are references to what the author has read

D may be described by all of the above

Part II. Vocabulary and Structure （40x0.5=20points）

Section A: In this section, there are 20 incomplete sentences, each with four items marked A, B, C and D. Choose one item that best completes the sentence and mark your choice on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

31. What else does talking frankly and informally mean but an invitation to ________ without any career consequence?

A. whoop it up B. unload opinions C. hang around D. incur a debt

32. The Single in the past, of the _______ego and much-watched answering machine, was traditionally at the margin of society: a figure of fun, pity and awe.

A. archly B. gallantly C. wobbly D. allegedly

33. Mr. Smith, who was worried that the ban might ________ on the rights of law-abiding

gun owners, had already voted against …… 此处隐藏：5777字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……