ABSTRACT AN OPERATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE FOR NETWORKED SERV

Collections of hardware components are the foundation of computation and consist of interconnec-tions of different types of the same core elements: processors, disks, memory cards, I/O devices, and network links. Designing a system for managing collections

ANOPERATINGSYSTEMARCHITECTUREFOR

NETWORKEDSERVERINFRASTRUCTURE

by

DavidE.Irwin

DepartmentofComputerScience

DukeUniversity

Date:

Approved:

Dr.Je reyS.Chase,Supervisor

http://doc.guandang.netndonP.Cox

Dr.CarlaS.Ellis

Dr.ParthasarathyRanganathan

Dissertationsubmittedinpartialful llmentofthe

requirementsforthedegreeofDoctorofPhilosophy

intheDepartmentofComputerScience

intheGraduateSchoolof

DukeUniversity

2007

Collections of hardware components are the foundation of computation and consist of interconnec-tions of different types of the same core elements: processors, disks, memory cards, I/O devices, and network links. Designing a system for managing collections

ABSTRACT

ANOPERATINGSYSTEMARCHITECTUREFOR

NETWORKEDSERVERINFRASTRUCTURE

by

DavidE.Irwin

DepartmentofComputerScience

DukeUniversity

Date:

Approved:

Dr.Je reyS.Chase,Supervisor

http://doc.guandang.netndonP.Cox

Dr.CarlaS.Ellis

Dr.ParthasarathyRanganathan

Anabstractofadissertationsubmittedinpartialful llmentofthe

requirementsforthedegreeofDoctorofPhilosophy

intheDepartmentofComputerScience

intheGraduateSchoolof

DukeUniversity

2007

Collections of hardware components are the foundation of computation and consist of interconnec-tions of different types of the same core elements: processors, disks, memory cards, I/O devices, and network links. Designing a system for managing collections

c2007byDavidE.IrwinCopyright

Allrightsreserved

Collections of hardware components are the foundation of computation and consist of interconnec-tions of different types of the same core elements: processors, disks, memory cards, I/O devices, and network links. Designing a system for managing collections

Abstract

Collectionsofhardwarecomponentsarethefoundationofcomputationandconsistofinterconnec-tionsofdi erenttypesofthesamecoreelements:processors,disks,memorycards,I/Odevices,andnetworklinks.Designingasystemformanagingcollectionsofhardwareischallengingbecausemoderninfrastructures(i)distributeresourcecontrolacrossmultipleautonomoussites,(ii)operatepersesetsofhardware,and(iii)supportavarietyofprogrammingmodelsfordevelopingandexecutingsoftwareservices.

Anoperatingsystemisasoftwarelayerthatmanageshardwarebycoordinatingitsinteractionwithsoftware.Thisthesisde nesandevaluatesanarchitectureforanetworkedoperatingsystemthatmanagescollectionsofhardwareininfrastructuresspreadacrossnetworks,suchastheInternet.Thefoundationofanetworkedoperatingsystemdetermineshowsoftwareservicesshareacommonhardwareplatform.Afundamentalpropertycommontoallformsofresourcesharingisthatsoftwareservices,byde nition,sharehardwarecomponentsanddonotusethemforever.Aleaseisanaturalconstructforrestrictingtheuseofasharedresourcetoawell-de nedlengthoftime.

Ourarchitectureemploysageneralneutralityprinciple,whichstatesthatanetworkedoperatingsystemshouldbepolicy-neutral,sinceonlyusersandsiteadministrators,andnotoperatingsystemdevelopers,knowhowtomanagetheirsoftwareandhardware.Experiencebuilding,deploying,andusingaprototypehasledustoviewneutralityasaguidingdesignprinciple.Ourhypothesisisthatanoperatingsystemarchitectureforinfrastructureresourcemanagementthatfocusesnarrowlyonleasingcontrolofhardwareprovidesafoundationformulti-lateralresourcenegotiation,arbitration,andfaulttolerance.Inevaluatingourhypothesiswemakethefollowingcontributions:

Introduceasetofdesignprinciplesfornetworkedoperatingsystems.Theprinciplesadaptandextendprinciplesfromnodeoperatingsystemdesigntoanetworkedenvironment.Weevaluateexistingsystemswithrespecttotheseprinciples,describehowtheydeviatefromthem,andexplorehowthesedeviationslimitthecapabilitiesofhigherlevelsoftware.

Combinetheideaofarecon gurabledatacenterwiththeSharpframeworkforsecurere-sourcepeeringtodemonstrateaprototypenetworkedoperatingsystemcapableofsharingaggregationsofresourcesininfrastructures.

iv

Collections of hardware components are the foundation of computation and consist of interconnec-tions of different types of the same core elements: processors, disks, memory cards, I/O devices, and network links. Designing a system for managing collections

Design,implement,anddeploythearchitectureusingasingleprogrammingabstraction—thelease—andshowhowtheleaseabstractionembodiesthedesignprinciplesofanetworkedoperatingsystem.

Showthatleasesareafoundationalprimitiveforaddressingarbitrationinanetworkedop-eratingsystem.Leasingcurrencyde nesacon gurabletradeo betweenproportional-shareschedulingandamarketeconomy,andalsoservesasabasisforimplementingotherformsofarbitration.

Showhowcombiningtheuseofleasesforlong-termresourcemanagementwithstaterecoverymechanismsprovidesrobustnesstotransientfaultsandfailuresinalooselycoupleddistributedsystemthatcoordinatesresourceallocation.

Evaluatethe exibilityandperformanceofaprototypebymanagingaggregationsofphysicalandvirtualhardwarepresentinmoderndatacenters,andshowingthatthearchitecturecouldscaletomanagethousandsofmachines.

PresentcasestudiesofintegratingmultiplesoftwareservicesincludingthePlanetLabnetworktestbed,thePlushdistributedapplicationmanager,andtheGridEnginebatchscheduler,andleveragethearchitecturetoprototypeandevaluateJaws,anewlight-weightbatchschedulerthatinstantiatesoneormorevirtualmachinespertask.

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