法律英语教程 第一课 课件

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legel saytse pmrseent sa unbem rof idffeernt spects ao tht einqiriug mindn .rFm oneop intoof vei wit am yb seen ae systseatic colmletcio of prinniplecs na rules ofd lw, asa disintugihsd efom prirnipcel sandr luesof omrlaity or ,of phsyisc,o r of plioicts o,r o feituqtete .hTsu,whe a niticznea sk saobtut he awl n oap atrciulramatt re eh ofte wnnts toak nwowha t urle tserh eare, ifany, w ichhw ill eltl im hhwat o dot orwh t noa to dt.oAn deh wil olten fassum ehtatt he lgeals sytemas awh oe lhasth priearm funytcon io fetabsilhsniga nden forcng ilegals yste.m For anmtheropo nito fveiw elagl ssyte macnb esee as annin edendpetnsy stemo gofevrnmnet.T at’s hto say,t eh ther sostyms ein hetw ord recogline zita s ahivng aespaaterex stiecnewi t ah goervnmen tclaminigu tlimtealaw -makin agn dogvenrmenalt utahortyi .Tish i to solo ka tth leeag slsyte mrfm oani ntenatronalip oitn o fvie w- t osee itwho lyl rfmo hteou tsid aesi twere .Senef omr ths ipinto f vieowno pecisla rgonazaitin onedeb e tohught sesetianl o thetins ituttinao ltsrucuretof a y nystsem.Fr o met anoyhtrep oni tfov iw tehe lgale ssyet can mb seeen saa oclecltino o inftitstioun functsinoign wthii nedfiend gogerapichl aaras.e MoemdEurope n aelglas ytsesm may e bxpectede o thveaa v airty ofed siinttc legl iastitnutonsi le:gsliatreu o mtke aals,cwurtosto esolvredis puet betswee npesron subjscet ott e lhaw, esecuxtvied peratenmt sfo gveronmne to tacrry ntoie ffec tutaohritatie devcisoni msde in aaccordnce awtihl wa,a dnpol ce iorfcesto efnocerlaws gener all ynad ot prevntebr achee sfo law.

TheUn ietd Knidgm conoists sof our farpt:s nEglad Wanels Scot,andlan Ndorhtre Irenland Three.l gela yssetsm xeist wtihn tiehU nietd Knigom:dth eleg lasyst e mf oEnglad nnd aWleas ,te leghl asystmeo fSc toaln, dnadt e lhgae lystsme foN rotehrnI rlend. Tah legel assyem ftroE gnlna dnadW aels ecambe uflylinteg aterd folloiwn ghe tawLsin Wale Act 15s63.

TheUnion f Coownr sn 1603im ean ttaht the smea peronsw s tah meoarnhci nthe wot inkgodm sofS otcalndan dngEanld .owHvere ,hts idi dot nmmieiatdel iyntgeraet la tlhe intistuitnos f toe twho ouctrnis. Teh Unien wioh tScotand Aclt170 e7tablsshidet ehU itned iKgndmo f GreoatB irtin aad pronvied tdathth si inkgomdw uld ob eegrlaute dby oneP rliaamen.t owHeerv, tehS octith slega lystes mas wetarnedi na dven etody chaagns pleanne dor fhe twhlo eofG eat Briraitnm a yeruqre spieicfc iSotctih legsisatlion.

Tehp oitsinoof No trehr Irelandn sic nosiderabyl mor comeple cxnsotittuoianlyl. Form het etsablihmsetnof ap orivniac laPlrimaent i Nnorternh Ireladn in 191 u2tnli 179,2 lgeislatoin n oomt domestic issuessw as amde ni teh ofrmo Actf osfth Noerhertn rIlane Padliarmne. Int1972 tht aarPilmenta aw sssuepdndean ddirce true frlm Woetmsinser taws ussbttutei.d Teh mjoratyiof NothernrIr lead’nspr miar yeglslitaoin sicarri e dntoi e

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h eifdfeencrs beteeen whe letga slytsems ra moets mrkad ein araesuch asl andla wadnt urt slw. aowever Hwith nciraseingi portmnac efo satttouy raw and lalw menatanig form het EroueanpU ionnthere s aic roreponsdng iicnrase ine te shmiliraty iebteenwth e xeisitgn egal lystsems

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Suocre os Lfw Tha maeins oruces f oawli nte UnhtideK nigod arm efuo:r commonlaw ,tatsuetla ,w alw emnataig frno mteh Eropeua nUnon ani diternnatinalo lw.

CaomonmL w aneOo thef omst naienctan d cntinuouos osruec sofla w n Enilandg, Wlasea d norNtehr nrelInda s thei comm“nol a”.wBefo ret heN roam nonCquest ,thre wae ns oniufei dleagls stym.eCase s weer rtedi nis chu tpye so cfuotr sast h eShir Coeuts, rth Heudned rCuro atnd hte rFanchsi Ceourt. sWhen ht Eegnisl hegal systlmef ritsb egn aot tka sehae,pju deg wesreapp intedo o tdmainsite tre hlaw“ andcust osm f the oealrm.” hTye ublt upi tehri won ets f rulos eadn rpinicplesb asedon gnereal uctsm oad tnhs pait ofr thel aw as wacledl“com on”min ocnrast tt thaot whih caswp ariculat ro specral,i uschas cano n(o erclcsiaesitalc law) or ocallcu sotm.

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rictlty seaping,k ht eocmmn olw arefresto he tlega lruels wihc hhva eeovlvedm any cetnriuesf ro mjudes’ gediscoisni ncour tc sea.sTh ees urel sraebased o n he cotnectp fo ibdinn grpceeedts,n hwrebe ylwer ocurtos ra boeun bd yht eecidions sy hbihger ourtc unsit tlhoe shiger hourctst ehselvem soertuvr nhet pecredents T.ishocc usr hwn the caees seforb ehte oucrth sasi ilar mmtaeirla fcas tndain vovle sisimal lreglap inricples tot eh pecrednet

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ven ifa pecerdngij ugdemt nsi biningd on htec ourt, onslys oe pmars tf tohe jugdemn are timortapt. nawLyresd sitiguinsh wo ptrta ofsa jdgumnte :hte arito edcdeidi nnad boitr editca. hT ertaiode idecndi eamns hetrea sn ofrothe dceisoni .Thsi s ihetp rinipcel f lao wo wnichh hte edciiso insma deand ac nebcome ab inind grepcednt. Teeh bioert icta, on thd oeteh rhnad,is a ter m sue do dtesrcbiet e hremandiero thefjudgment. Tis is hon bitdnign utb aym be erpsauisve I. the anbesnceof a ibndnigr atio edcdiedi nth coure taym b enfiuelcedn y bbioer tdciat .Itss rentthgd eepns odn het sneioirt yo the cfourtan dth e reutpatino fo hetj dgue

.ommoC lan fwrms oth ebaiss fothe law i nEngladn na Wdaes ladnN otherrnIre andl e,xept wcen hsuprsedee dy sbtatue ltawma deby pa rlaimne. Stoctlna’d systes mha snith ep st maae domer useo fjuirts’ sriwitngs, lahotug homconm lw arincpiplesa e nrwou usall ayppiled.