《圣经与西方艺术》The Bible and the Western Art：《创世记》

The Bible and the Western Art

主讲：武汉大学外语学院 熊 杰 平

Old Testament

Modern Athens

39 booksHebrew Judaism New Testament 27 books Greek Christianity

biblia <<< βιβλ α= Holy Scriptures = papyrus scrolls

39 books = Old Testament = Judaism in HebrewIf you honor me I will protect you. polytheism –monotheism rainbow Hebrew—Greek (Septuagint)—KJV (1611)—RSV

Pentateuch = 5 scrolls of law (Torah) by MosesProphets (Former and Latter) Writings 27 books = New Testament = Christianity in Greek Jesus Christ and his followers

Other books = Apocrypha = various schools

History of the Hebrew

2000 B.C. Abram migrated from Mesopotamia to CanaanHebrew = people crossing the Jordan River Isaac—Jacob (Israel)—Joseph & 11 brothers down Egypt 1250 B.C. Moses exodus back to the promised land flowing with milk and honey

1000—922 B.C. Saul—David—Solomon: Kings of the U. K.722 B.C. the North (the Kingdom of Israel) lost to Assyria 588 B.C. the South (the Kingdom of Judah) lost to Babylon 538 B.C. the Return & restoration=2nd Exodus in the Persian Empire 323 B.C. the invasion of Hellenism

27 B.C. Rome‘s order=Augustus became Emperor

Fertile Crescent

和合本《圣经》 1919

May & Metzger 1977 NYC

Bosch (c. 1450-1516), born into a painters family in Belgium

It is the most compelling image of the Creation in all art. Simple, almost monochrome, image of the beginning of all the riotous complexity, a great sense of a nascent world. In a transparent sphere the elements are beginning to be separated and earth, water, air and significantly the phantasmagoria (幻觉效应) which are such an important part of the pictures inside, are coming into being under the supervision of the Almighty.

(Gen. 1:1-5) In the beginning (初) God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form and void (formless waste, desolate), and darkness was upon the face of the deep (sea); and the spirit of God was moving over the face of waters. (起初 神创造天地。地是空虚混沌， 渊面黑暗； 神的灵运行在水面上。)

(Gen.1:6-8) And God said, ―Let there be light‖; and there was light. And God saw that the light was good (pleased with his work); and God separated the light from the darkness. God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And there was evening and there was morning (Evening went and morning came.), one day (the first day). ( 神说： 要有光 ,就有了光。 神看光是好的，就把光暗分开了。神称光为昼， 称暗为夜。有晚上，有早晨，这是头一日。)

Gustave Doré (1832-1883), was born in Alsace at Strasbourg. Called ―le gamin de gé nie‖ by Gautier, he became popular in Paris at 16.

Supreme expression of both God‘s grandeur as Creator and man‘s potential immortality before the fall. Adam‘s body has already been fashioned, and life imparted to it through God‘s finger, as if with an electric spark. Michela

ngelo has made it seem more like a collusion between God and Adam than his creation. The greatest human creative genius can make nothing truly substantial at all, and to compete with God only underlines His supremacy.Goethe wrote, ―No one who has not seen the Sistine Chapel can have a clear idea of what a human being can achieve.‖

(Gen. 2.7) then the Lord God formed man of dust from the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being. (耶 和华 神用地上的尘土造人，将生气吹 在他的鼻孔里，他就成了有灵的活人， 名叫亚当。)

William Blake (1757-1827) Adam Naming the Beasts, Pollok House, Glasgow