Survey of English Speaking Countries

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Survey of English Speaking Countries

The UK

“United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.” Short forms:

The United Kingdom The UK Great Britain Britain

England (informal)

What countries is the UK composed of?

England Scotland Wales

Northern Ireland

Coastal islands (ex. The Orkney Islands and the Shetland Islands).

How big is the UK?

Total area is 242, 532 square kilometers.

Populations in the UK

58.4 million people (60,943,912 in July 08) Roughly 239 people per km2 Primarily urban

7 conurbations (extended urban areas): Greater London, W. Midlands, South Yorkshire, W. Yorkshire, Greater Manchester, Merseyside, Tyne & Wear

Location Quiz

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关于一些说英语国家的

关于一些说英语国家的

The USA

Official Name

“The United States of America.” Short forms: USA America The US The States

How many states make up the United States?

50 states and one federal district

What is the total area of the United States?

Total area is 9,372,614 square kilometers (38.6 times the size of the UK).

Population just passed 303, 824, 640 (book says 249 million but is now 18 years out of date)

Nickname Quiz

The Windy City Washington, DC The Motor City New York City The Big Apple Chicago City by the Bay Houston Beantown Philadelphia Space City, USA Los Angeles The City of Brotherly Love Detroit LA Boston

Capital City San Francisco

Location Quiz

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Genesis

How many days did it take God to create the world? Where did woman come from? What does man look like?

What role did God give man in relation to the animals & birds?

Conversational Ballgames

What ballgame(s) does the author compare American conversation to? Why is this important? What point is the author trying to make?

Early History

The Beginnings of the UK (2.1)

Shaped by a series of invaders:

Cave men/Stone Age men (6,000-5,000 BC)

Britain connected by a land bridge to the continent of Europe. Iberians (3,000 BC)

From the Mediterranean, used boats. Celtic Tribes (750 BC)

Included: Gaels & Britons. Crossed from Europe in search of empty land.

More invaders

Romans (55 BC- AD 410)

Invaded twice and ruled for many years Northern Tribes (AD 410-871)

Included: Angles, Saxons, Jutes (spoke Old English, English s predecessor). Vikings (AD 871)

Invaded from Norway and Denmark.

Industrial Revolution

Large population Growth

The British Empire allowed easy foreign trade

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The Enclosure Acts

The Beginnings of the USA (2.2)

Originally inhabited by Native Americans (Indians). Crossed on the Bering Land Bridge.

Christopher Columbus (1492)

In 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue. Amerigo Vespucci (1499)

First to realize America was a new continent.

The Road to Independence

No taxation without representation.

British taxed Colonists but Colonists were not represented in British Parliament. 1773 Tea Act caused the Boston Tea Party

1775 Continental Congress began acting as a national government. 1776 Declaration Of Independence (penned by Thomas Jefferson) 1781 British Surrender

1783 Peace Treaty of Paris

American Civil War

Factors in thNorth and South had different economic systems —Plantations vs. Factories Disputes over slavery

—Balance of political power between “free” and “slave” statese

The Civil War

From 1861-1865

Slave states broke away from the United States and became The Confederate States of America

Lincoln vs. Jefferson Davis Grant vs. Lee

North finally defeated the South

Significance of the War

Kept America together Destroyed Slavery

Reconstruction of the South —Very long and difficult

—A lot of hatred between Southerners/Northerners & blacks/whites

WWI

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Reasons for WWI:

The system of alliances Nationalism

Previous disputes Bad governments

Delays and misunderstandings in diplomatic communications The arms races of the previous decades. Old-style military planning Colonial rivalry Economic rivalry

Allies or Entente Powers

The British Empire France

Russian Empire

United States of America

The Central Powers

Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany

Ottoman Empire

Examples of new Weapons widely used in WWI

Machine Gun

Machine guns needed 4-6 men to work them and had to be on a flat surface. They had the fire-power of 100 guns.

Large field guns had a long range and could deliver devastating blows to the enemy but needed up to 12 men to work them. They fired shells which exploded on impact.

Tanks

Tanks were used for the first time in the First World War at the Battle of the Somme. They were developed to cope with the conditions on the Western Front. The first tank was called 'Little Willie' and needed a crew of 3. Its maximum speed was 3mph and it could not cross trenches.

The more modern tank was not developed until just before the end of the war. It could carry 10 men, had a revolving turret and could reach 4mph.

Planes

Planes were also used for the first time. At first they were used to deliver bombs and

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for spying work but became fighter aircraft armed with machine guns, bombs and some times cannons.

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